ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 299 



in reference to the occipital region of the brain. Certain misleading 

 suggestions of homologies are also treated in the paper. 



"- Mandibulo-auricular Muscle.* — J. Chaine finds in the parotid 

 region in the Badger a small vestige of this muscle, which he regards as 

 homologous with the depressor mandibuli of lower vertebrates. He con- 

 siders that various muscles described in this region inserted upon the 

 articular bone are nothing but separate fascia of the same muscular for- 

 mation, and that the mandibulo-auricular is only a representative of 

 some of the fascia of this depressor. 



Dentition of the Elephant.f — W. Mitchell has had published a 

 number of fine photographs illustrating the normal dentition of the 

 elephant, injuries resulting in encysted bullets, pathological develop- 

 ments due to injuries to the pulp, and sometimes expressed in fantastic 

 external shapes. He also figures a case believed to be a true necrosis, 

 which is rare. 



The Phylogeny of the Boidae.J— F. E. Beddard discusses a number 

 of points in the circulatory system of Python, Eryx and Boa, which 

 support the view based upon other evidence that the Boidae occupy 

 phylogenetically a place at or near the base of the Ophidian series. 



Infectious Exophthalmia of Freshwater Fishes.§ — J. Audige de- 

 scribes the course of a peculiar disease observed at the piscicultural 

 station of the University of Toulouse— a unilateral exophthalmia affect- 

 ing the Californian salmon (Oncorhynchus quinnat), and also Idus 

 or/us Cuv. and Squalius cephalus L., both young and old. The disease 

 is contagious and progresses rapidly, but in darkness no fatal effects 

 result. The eye becomes opaque, but a spontaneous cure is effected. 

 In the warm months the disease was at its height, in autumn it gradually 

 dwindled. We may call attention in passing to the frequent occurrence 

 of a condition approaching exophthalmia in carp kept in slightly 

 abnormal conditions. 



Limbs of Holocephali and Dipnoi.]] — Armand Sabatier continues 

 his study of the paired fins of fishes, developing his theory of the dis- 

 tinctness and independence of what he calls mains des ceintures, and 

 mains terminates des membres. 



Other contributions by the same author f elaborate his own some- 

 what surprising conclusions as to the comparative morphology of the 

 paired limbs of fishes. We defer further notice until we see an illus- 

 trated exposition of Sabatier's interpretations. 



Paired Fins of Fishes.** — R. Hamburger gives a detailed anatomical 

 account of the skeleton and musculature of the pectoral and pelvic fins 

 of Squalus, Trigla, PeriopMhalmus and Lophins. 



* Proc.-Verb. Soc. Sci. Bordeaux, 1902, pp. 54-5. 

 t Brit. Dental Journ., xxv. (1904) pp. 284-9G (34 figs.). 

 J Ann. Nat. Hist, xiii. (1904) pp. 233-G. 

 § Comptes Rendus, cxxxvii.(1903) pp. 936-8. 

 || Op. cit.cxxxviii. (1904) pp. 249-52. 

 t Op. cit., exxxvii. (1903) pp. 893-G. 

 ** Revue Suisse Zool.. xii. (1904) pp. 71-148 (2 pla.). 



