ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 445 



thecial appendages. Kelleruian * also continues his index of Uredinous 

 culture experiments for North America, with lists of species and hosts ; 

 andf under the title " Elementary Mycology " he advises beginners how 

 to set about the study of fungi. 



Root Excrescences of Alnus.J — There have been many different 

 opinions as to the nature and origin of the outgrowths on alder roots. 

 C. G. Bjorkenheim has examined them recently and has concluded that 

 they are due to the hyphas of a parasitic fungus. It was not possible 

 to determine the species. He finds two forms of hypha? inhabiting the 

 cells. Extremely fine filaments occupied the central cells and often 

 terminated in a globose swelling. The cells of the cortical tissue were 

 tilled with hyphas of larger dimensions, which formed clumps inside the 

 cells. In the invaded cells the starch had usually disappeared. The 

 author considers that the large hyphas are produced after the first 

 infection, and that the filaments become finer as they penetrate deeper 

 into the tissue of the host. 



Mycopathological Notes from Hungary.§ — Karl Posch-Grinad 

 gives a resume of his observations on plant diseases during the years 

 1902-3. Rust was specially destructive, and the cereals were also 

 attacked by species of Helminthosporium, Erysiphe, Claviceps, OpJiio- 

 bolus, etc. He records also disease of roots and tubers, and of various 

 vegetables. Fruit trees and vines were injured by various fungi, and 

 in some cases great mischief was done. Charrinia Diplodiella, the 

 origin of white-rot, caused a loss of about 8 million crowns (kronen). 



Australian Fungi. || — D. McAlpine describes a number of new 

 species and one new genus, Scluzotrickum, a Hyphomycete found on 

 the flowering stems of a native Lobelia {L. gibbosa). This genus has 

 a dark-coloured sporodochium, but the conidia are hyaline, hence it 

 belongs to the series Tubercular iece mucedinw Sacc. On account of its 

 septate spores it must be placed near Leptotrichum Corda. It was found 

 at Sandringham, Victoria. The new species belong to fifteen different 

 genera, including Fusarium, Puccinia, Khabdo&pora and Septoria. 



Diseases of Plants. — R. Farneti IT describes a fungoid disease which 

 has recently been detected on apricots. It appears first as grey-green 

 spots in the young fruit, which gradually become brown. The fruits 

 may ripen if the attack is only slight; the more seriously diseased have a 

 bitter astringent taste. The fungus belongs to the Dematiea?, and has 

 been named Stigmina Briosiana. 



R. Aderhold ** has been experimenting with Fasicladium dendriticum 

 which causes a disease of apples, to see if it were the same species as 

 that which grows on Crataegus. He found that the fungus from one 



* Journ. of Mycology, x. (1904) pp. 64-81. f Tom. cit, pp. 90-5. 



X Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xiv. (1904) pp. 129-33 (1 pi.). 



§ Tom. cit., pp. 158-60. 



|| Proc. Linn. Soc, N.S.Wales, xxviii. (1903) pp. 553-63. 



*[f Atti. 1st. Pavia, vii. ser. 2, pp. 23-31 (1 pi.). See also Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., 

 xiv. (1904) p. 183. 



** Kais. Gesundh.-Amt , iii. (1903) p. 436. See also Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xiv. 

 (1904) p. 182. 



