ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, M1CKOSCOPY, ETC. 449 



S a c c a n d o, P. A. — De diagnostica et nomenclatura mycologica. Admonita quaedam. 

 [A Beries of rules for systematists, to guide them in diagnosing and naming 

 new forms. Ann. Mycol., ii. (1904) pp. 195-8. 



Sydow, H. & P. — Novae Fungorum species. 



[Micro-fungi from various parts of the world. The new genera are Micro- 



cyclus, Phseodoihis and Manrodothis (Dothideaceae). They differ from 



Dothidea and from each other in the form of the stroma, and in the form 



and colour of the spores.] Tom. cit., pp. 162-74. 



Sydow — Mycotheca Germanica, Fasc. iii.-iv. (Nos. 101-200). 



[A liBt of the species is given, and diagnoses of the new forms.] 



Tom. cit., pp. 190-4. 



Went, F. A. F. C. — Kralloten en verstende Vruchten van de Cacao in Suriname. 

 [Account of a disease that has attacked cacao-plants.] 



K. Scenslc. Vet.-Akad. HandL, xxxviii. (1901) 40 pp., 6 pis. 



Lichens. 



Studies of Peltigera.* — Georg Bitter records a case of Peltigera 

 malacia in which he found the normal apothecia formed on the upper 

 surface of the thallus, and also small apothecia formed on the under 

 surface, beneath the upper fruit. They resembled somewhat the apo- 

 thecia of Nephromium, but they were developed further from the apex 

 of the fertile lobe. Anatomically the fruits formed on the upper and 

 under surfaces do not differ from each other. In one of the fruits 

 examined, a hole had been formed through both the apothecia. 



In a second paper he describes the thallus of a small lichen, Peltigera 

 lepidophora. The species is always sterile, and on the surface are 

 formed outgrowths of gonidia and hyphse which he proposes to call 

 autosymbiontic Cephalodia — because they enclose the same gonidia as 

 those that are found in the thallus, whereas the true Cephalodia are 

 formed of another alga. They have a quite different structure from 

 Isidia, their gonidia being entirely separate from those of the underlying 

 thallus. They have the same function as soredia and serve to propagate 

 the lichen. 



Collema and Leptogium.f — Carolyn W. Harris describes in popular 

 terms these two genera and a few of the species of each. She instructs 

 the student how to discriminate between them in the field. She finds 

 that Leptogium differs from Collema in the presence of rhizoids in some 

 form or other, either in clusters or as a fine close nap. The two genera 

 inhabit the same localities, and are not^always easily to be distinguished 

 the one from the other. 



Swedish Lichens.J — B. Nilson gives the result of a careful search 

 for lichens in Kullen. He describes minutely the locality and the con- 

 dition of soil, etc., and gives a list of the lichens that occur the most 

 frequently. The stone and rock inhabiting species form a large 

 majority. A number were found on trees, and only a few Cladonias 

 were common on the soil. In some notes on Nephromium Icevigatiwi 

 he criticises the presence or absence of soredia, and the colour of the 

 medullary tissue as species-characters. They are due he thinks to 



* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxii. (1904) pp. 248-56 (1 pi). 



t Bryolo^ist, vii. (1904) pp. 45-8 (1 pi.). 



X Arkiv. fur. Bot. K. Svensk Vet.-Akad .. i. (1904) pp. 467-96. 



Aug. 17th, 1904 2 r 



