514 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



cloaca are cell aggregates with abundant mitoses, which are to be 

 regarded as germinal centres for the replacement of the degenerating 

 cells of the surface. 



Granule Cells in Mucosa of Pig's Intestine.*— C. C. Du Bois finds 

 that this mucosa contains numerous granule cells of which two general 

 types can be distinguished : (a) those with basophile granules and (&) 

 those with acidophile granules. The granule cells stand in no definite 

 relation to the lumen of the canal, to the crypts, to any lamina, or to the 

 blood- or lymph-vessels. The acidophiles are closely related to certain 

 granule cells in the blood as to staining properties, and probably 

 represent a variety of the eosinophile granule cells so widely scattered 

 about the body. The basophiles belong to the same class as the 

 coarsely granular basophile cells described by Hardy and Westbrook, and 

 are similar to Ehrlich's "mast-cells." But the significance of the 

 granule cells remains obscure : possibly they store metabolic products. 



Minute Structure of Supra-Renal of Guinea-Pig.f— F. Fukrmann 

 does not agree with the hitherto accepted division of the cortex into 

 three parts (zonge glomerulosa, fascicularis, reticularis, Arnold) but 

 divides it into two according to the differentiation of the cells in 

 development. He considers the medulla a separate structure. The 

 outer cortical layer embraces the zona glomerulosa of Arnold and that 

 part of the fascicularis termed by Guieysse " couche spongieuse," while 

 the inner constitutes the rest of the cortex (the " couche fasciculee " of 

 Guieysse, and the zona reticularis of Arnold). He is of opinion that 

 the medulla cannot be regarded as a " paraganglion suprarenale" 

 comparable to the "paraganglion intercaroticum " as held by Kohns. 

 The cells of the latter are distinguished in essential points from those of 

 the supra-renal medulla, although they behave similarly with certain 

 reagents. He inclines to believe that there is a very close connection 

 between the medulla and the inner cortical layer, and that a sharp 

 division of both layers is not permissible. Worthy of note is the rare 

 occurrence of ganglion cells in the supra-renal of the guinea-pig as 

 compared with other animals. 



Kidney of Male Elasmobranchs4 — J. Borcea points out that the 

 anterior portion of the kidney in male Elasmobranchs {Squatina, Acan- 

 thias, Galeus, Scyllium, Pristiums, Carchurias, Raid) does not degener- 

 ate, as it does in the female, but takes on a distinct, non-renal function, 

 providing a nutritive fluid for the spermatozoa. There is not a single 

 malpighian glomerulus in this anterior region, and the functional kidney 

 in the male is wholly due to the posterior nephridia. 



Interstitial Tissue of Testis.§;— Bouin ,and Ancel continue in- 

 vestigations on the structure and significance of the interstitial gland 

 of the testis. They describe its special characters in the horse— young, 

 adult, aged and cryptorchid. In the young animal there are special cells 



* Anat. Anzeig., xxv. (1904) pp. 6-16. 



t Op. cit., xxiv. (1904) pp. 606-8. 



j Comptes Eendus, cxxxviii. (1904) pp. 1342-3. 



§ Arch. Zool. Exp., ii. (1904) Notes et Revue, pp. cxliii.-lv. 



