182 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



abdominal, there are two arteries which correspond in position to the 

 hepatic arteries of other Decapods, but do not go to the " liver." They 

 remain in the cephalothorax, and their fine branches are covered with 

 a mantle of fixed phagocytes. The lymphoid organ in connection with 

 the ophthalmic artery, gives rise to the free amoebocytes of the blood, 

 but is not phagocytic. 



New Family of Amphipods.* — H. J. Hansen describes Ingolfiella 

 abyssi g. et sp. n., from deep water to the south entrance of Davis 

 Straits, 1870 fathoms, and /. littoralis sp. n., from one fathom of water 

 in the Gulf of Siam. The new type is clearly distinguished from all 

 Gammarina and Caprellina by at least four characters. Two of these 

 are of very high rank, viz. the complete separation of the eye-lobes 

 from the head and the peculiar structure of the pleopods. The other 

 two distinctive characters are less important, viz. the elongate styliform 

 shape of the molar process of the mandibles, and the structure of the 

 first two pairs of prehensile hands, in which the fifth joint is developed 

 as a hand, and the two distal joints, together with the real claw, are so 

 completely claw-shaped that a similar structure has not been observed 

 in any other form. It is necessary at present to maintain the Ingolfiel- 

 lidae as a tribe of the same rank as the Caprellina. 



Study of the Beach-Flea.f — Mabel E. Smallwood has made a study 

 of Talorchestia Jongicornis, a common amphipod of Cold Spring Harbour. 

 She notes that the adult males are very variable in their proportions, 

 especially in regard to the relative lengths of the body and the second 

 antennas, but this may be due to moulting. The males are larger than 

 the females, and differ from them in the shape and size of the second 

 gnathopods, and, when fully mature, in the relatively longer second 

 antennas. Unlike most amphipods, these beach-fleas are poor swimmers, 

 but they run rapidly and jump with great agility. They have become 

 secondarily terrestrial, and do not voluntarily enter the water. They 

 die, indeed, if the mouth of the furrow be kept under water. They 

 are responsive to white light, being photokinetic, but not phototactic. 

 They are effective scavengers, and are well protected from birds and 

 fishes by their pale colour and nocturnal habits. 



Argulidae.J — C. B. Wilson gives an account of North American 

 Argulidse in the U.S. National Museum, describing four new species. 

 He gives a welcome systematic review of all the known species (over 

 forty), and a bibliography of the family. 



Calanoid Copepoda.§ — A. M. Norman reports on Calanoida, chiefly 

 abyssal, from the Faroe Channel and other parts of the North Atlantic. 

 The enormous range of these deep-water Copepods is very remarkable. 

 In the Faroe Channel there are species at considerable depths whicli 

 Nansen found near the surface at the point nearest to the North Pole 

 from which any animals have been obtained ; and these are associated 



* Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), xxix. (1903) pp. 117-33 (2 pis). 



f Cold Spring Harbor Monographs (Brooklyn Inst. Arts and Sci.), No. 1 (1903) 

 pp. 1-27 (3 pis. and 3 figs.). 



X Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxv. (1903) pp. 635-742 (20 pis.). 

 § Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), xxix. (1903) pp. 133-41. 



