G86 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



characters of the host-plants. In the species B. commutatus, he found 

 that there were two races that showed a different reaction to the same- 

 fungus. In other cases, plants that were immune when young and 

 vigorous, became susceptible after being kept for some time in the 

 laboratory. Extended tables are given of the experiments, and diagrams 

 illustrating the text. 



Growth of Yeast in Mineral Solutions.* — A. Kossowicz found that 

 very small quantities of yeast failed to increase in the usual sugar and 

 mineral solutions. An increased quantity showed some growth, though 

 no visible fermentation, while the introduction of a large quantity in- 

 duced at once cell production and fermentation. He found also that an 

 addition of calcium (as phosphate or chloride) increases yeast formation 

 and fermentation. Sulphate and chloride of iron, in excess only, aid 

 fermentation. 



Saccharomyces Anomalus.f — Under this name, K. Saito describes a 

 yeast that occurs on Sake. He made artificial cultures, and describes the 

 morphology and physiological properties of the cells. Endogenous 

 spores were easily obtained. The writer is uncertain as to the role of 

 this special yeast in the brewing of sake. He thinks probably the 

 peculiar odour is to be traced to it. 



Contributions to the Morphology of Saccharomyces.J — A. Oster- 

 walder has studied the forms of yeast that are to be found in the must 

 of cider. He isolated several species, and found that they belonged to 

 races that could not be distinguished from Saccharomyces Gerevisice. He 

 found also that the culture medium exercised a great influence on the 

 form of the yeast-cell. He gives an account of spore formation, and a 

 detailed account of the 12 races that he succeeded in isolating. 



Aposphaeria violacea, sp. n.§— Rud. Bertel detected a large patch of 

 reddish-violet mycelium growing on the walls of a conservatory at 

 Prague. The hypha? were thickly interwoven and appressed to the sub- 

 stratum. Here and there seated on the hypha? were small pycnidia, 

 which became dark-brown when mature. The pycnidial spores were 

 small, colourless, elliptical bodies. No further fructification was ob- 

 served by the author, who considers that it would probably prove to be 

 near Clmtomium. He cultivated the fungus in artificial media, and 

 tested the colouring matter with various reagents. 



Cercosporella compacta, sp. n.|] — J. B. Traverso describes a disease 

 of Acanthus leaves caused by the above fungus. The leaf was covered 

 with brown spots 3-8 mm. broad. The fungus consists of tufts of 

 colourless conidiophores, which rise from a Pseudostroma within the 

 tissue ; the elongate, septate conidia are borne singly at the tips of the 

 fertile hyphge. The author gives an account of other fungal parasites 

 on Acanthus leaves. 



* Zeitschr. Landw. Verauchsw. Oesterr., vi. (1903) pp. 731-7. See also Ann. 

 Mycol., ii. (1904) p. 385. 



t Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, xix (1904) 14 pp. 



X Landw. Jahrb. der Fcliweiz, 1903. Bee also Centralbl. Bakt., xii. (1904) 

 pp. 486-7. § Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr., liv.(1904) pp. 205-209, 233-7 (1 pi.). 



... ;^ gi h , xliii. (1904) pp. 422-4 (2 figs.). 



