ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 639 



and fungiform papillse, modified corymbose forms. In the thickness of 

 the papillae, he finds grape-like clusters, interlacing of papillary nerves, 

 an interpapillary net, mono- and pluri-lobed Meissner's corpuscles, etc. 

 In the deep stratum are terminal corpuscles of Ruffini. 



The Fuchsinophile Granules of Spinal Ganglia Cells.* — A. M. 

 Coco finds that these granules increase initially in the nucleus at the 

 stage of excitation of the nerve-cells, and they appear abundantly in 

 the protoplasm of the cellular element. In proportion as the ganglion 

 is exhausted by protracted or excessive work, the granules in the proto- 

 plasm and in the nucleus diminish. The young cells become exhausted 

 first, and the granules are more permanent in the older cells when 

 stimulated a long time. The granules stain a light blue, whose intensity 

 is in proportion to the exhaustion of the cell. 



Supra-renal Capsule of Amphibians.f — E. Grynfeltt gives an 

 account of the histology of the several elements of this organ. (1) The 

 chromaffin cells are abundant epithelial elements, whose regularity of 

 form is greater than in Selachians. They cannot be confused with the 

 nerve-cells as in the latter group, and, whatever their origin, in the 

 adult they are absolutely independent of the elements of the sym- 

 pathetic nervous system. They are glandular elements ; their chromaffin 

 granules appear to be the product of protoplasmic elaboration, and to 

 this the chromaffin reaction peculiar to these cells is due. (2) The 

 cortical cells form a predominating element in the glandular trabeculae, 

 and are of a single type. They elaborate a product of a fatty nature, 

 whose solubility characters are similar to those of other Vertebrates, 

 especially birds. (3) Summer cells are only existent in Rana. They 

 are round or oval with an excentric nucleus, often irregular, with leuco- 

 cyte features. Frogs kept in the laboratory were found to have these 

 cells all the year round, although Stilling held they were present only 

 in the aestivation period. 



c. General. 



Anatomy of Notoryctes typhlops.J — A. Carlsson gives an account 

 of the anatomy of this Marsupial, noting a number of points in which 

 it differs from other members of the group. These are skeletal and 

 muscular peculiarities, such as the absence of the par-occipital process, 

 the fusion of the 2-6 cervical vertebrae, a short symphysis pubis, 

 fusion of ischium with transverse processes of two last sacral vertebrae, 

 the presence of a foramen in the proximal part of the fibula, differences 

 in the origin and insertion of muscles of the hinder extremity, and the 

 absence of others. A detailed comparison of Notoryctes and Chryso- 

 chloris is given. 



Constrictions and Dilatations of the Ureter. § — B. Robinson 

 demonstrates by means of numerous preparations of ureters from man, 

 pig, cow, sheep, buffalo, dog, etc., that Mammalia possess definite 



* Anat. Anzeig., xxv. (1904) pp. 97-102. 



t Jour, de l'Anat. Physiol., xl. (1904) pp. 180-224 (1 p'.). 



% Zool. Jahrb., xx. (1904) pp. 81-122 (2 pis.). 



§ Anat. Anzeig., xxiv. (1904) pp. 482-5. 



