56 Kryptogamen. — Flechten. 



4. Cetraria Ach., Fr. Apothecia demum dilatata peltaeformia, thalli 

 marginibus apicibusve oblique affixa, disco thallo concolore. Sporae subellipsoideae simplices 

 incol. . Spermatia oblonga, apice altero v. saepius utroque incrassata vel cylindrica; sterigmata 

 pauciarticulata. Thallus adscendens aut fruticulosus lobis v. subteretibus v. canaliculato- 

 foliaceis, aut expansus, subcartilagineus. — z. B. C. tristis Fr., C. Fahlunensis (L.) Schär., 

 C. Islandica Ach., C. alewites Ach. 



5. EverniaAch., Mann. Apothecia demum dilatata cyathiformia, disco 

 thallo discolore. Sporae subellipsoideae simplices incoloratae. Spermatia oblonga v. bacil- 

 laria apicem versus alterum v. utrumque fusiformi-incrassata v. cylindrica; sterigmata pauci- 

 articulata. Thallus fruticulosus dein pendulus, angulatus v. foliaceo-compressus, mollis, medulla 

 stuppea, rarissime (quoad nostras) passim indurata. — z.B. E. f 'urfuracea Mann. , E. divari- 

 cata Ach., E. vulpina Wulf. 



6. Usnea (Dill.) Ach. Apothecia peltata disco thallo subconcolore v. 

 rarissime discolore. Sporae subellipsoideae simplices incol. Spermatia bacillaria, apicem 

 versus alterum fusiformi-incrassata v. cylindrica; sterigmata subsimplicia. Thallus fruticu- 

 losus dein pendulus filamentosusve, teres undique similaris medulla duplici, interiori indurata 

 axem sistente lignosum, exteriori stuppea. — z. B. U. barbata Fr., U. longissima Ach. 



7. Ale ctoria (Ach.) Nyl. Apothecia innato-sessilia, disco thallo dis- 

 colore. Sporae ellipsoideae, simplices v. rarissime muriformi-multiloculares, fuscescentes v. 

 saepius decoloratae. Spermatia bacillaria apicem versus utrumque fusiformi-incrassata; ste- 

 rigmata pauci-articulata. Thallus fruticulosus filamentosusve, teres undique similaris intus 

 stuppeus v. subinanis. — z. B. A. jubata Fr., A. ocliroleuca Fr. 



Farn. II. Parmeliei. Thallus horizontalis foliaceus expansus (raro adscendens 

 everniaeformis, rarissime alectoroides), cartilagineo-membranaceus, subtus normaliter fibrillosus. 



8. Speerschneid er a Trev. Sporae ex ellipsoideo oblongae v. dacty- 

 loideae bi- rarius quadriloculares incol. Spermatia oblonga; sterigmata pauciarticulata. Thallus 

 tereti-compressus, dichotomo-ramosissimus, implexus appressus cartilagineo-corriaceus, fibrillis 

 obsoletis. — z. B. Sp. euploca (Tuck.) Trev. 



9. Theloschistes Norm, emend. Apothecia disco luteo-aurantiaco. 

 Sporae polari-biloculares (rarissime, in sp. exot., quadriloculares) incol. Spermatia ellip- 

 soidea v. oblonga; sterigmata multi-articulata. .Thallus foliaceus squamulosusve appressus 

 aut adscendens everniaeformis, cartilagineo-membranaceus, plerumque flavicans. — z. B. Th. 

 2mrietinus (L. Duf.), Th. chrysophthalmus (L. DC), Th. candelarius (Ach.). 



10. Parmelia Ach., De Not. Apothecia subpodicellata. Sporae ex ovoideo 

 ellipsoideae oblongaeve simplices incol. Spermatia oblonga medio constricta apicibus plerumque 

 acutis, raro acicularia; sterigmata pauciarticulata v. subsimplicia. Thallus foliaceus lobato- 

 laciniatus appressus raro adscendens everniaeformis, rarissime constrictus filiformis. submem- 

 branaceus. — z. B. P. saxatilis Ach., P. conspersa Ach., P. (EverniopsisJ trulla Ach., P. 

 olivacea Ach., P. lanata Nyl. 



11. Physcia (DC. Fr.) Th. Fr. Sporae ellipsoideae bi-loculares (rarissime 

 in sp. exot., quadri — pluriloculares) fuscae. Spermatia ellipsoidea v. oblonga; sterigmata multi- 

 articulata. Thallus foliaceus, ramoso-laciniatus stellatus aut adscendens everniaeformis, subcar- 

 tilagineus. — z. B. Ph. ciliaris Ach., Ph. stellaris Ach. 



12. Pyxine Fr. Apothecia subscutellaeformia mox nigricantia. Sporae 

 oblongo-ellipsoideae, biloculares fuscae. Spermatia oblonga; sterigmata pauci-articulata. Thal- 

 lus foliaceus, imbricatim lineari-laciniatus, subcartilagineus. — z. B. Pyxine Cocoes (Sw.) Nyl. 



Farn. III. Umbilicariei. Thallus horizontalis foliaceus coriaceo-cartilagineus, sub- 

 monophyllus, substrato per gomphum affixus. 



13. Umbilicaria Hoffm. Apothecia subscutellaeformia denigrata plerum- 

 que demum lirelloso-prolifera. Sporae subellipsoideae, e simplici mox granulosae, rarius 

 dein muriformi-multiloculares, fuscescentes. Spermatia oblonga; sterigmata multi-articulata. 

 — z. B. U. pustulata Hoffm., U. cylindrica Ach. 



Fam. IV. Peltigerei. Thallus piano -adscendens, frondoso - foliaceus coriaceo- 



