&S SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



rotation of 180°. The bipartitions take place longitudinally, and each 

 zoospore has in consequence the length of its mother-cell. 



Chromulina Rosanoffii. * — N. Gaidukov states that Chromulina 

 (Chromophyton) Rosanoffii is an entirely independent organism, with 

 holophytic nutrition. He has determined the presence in it of chloro- 

 phyll. The characteristic pigment, called by Klehs chrysochrome, he 

 has decomposed into three components, chrysochlorophyll and chryso- 

 xanthophyll, both soluble in alcohol, and phycochrysin, a pigment soluble 

 in water, which probably gives the peculiar colour to Chromulina and to 

 other Chrysomouads. 



In another paper f the author gives a more detailed account of the 

 spectroscopic reactions ot this pigment. 



Chlorocystis Cohnii (Reinhardt).* — This unicellular epiphytic alga 

 (Chlorochytrium Cohnii Wright) has been found by G. 1'. Moore en- 

 crusting fronds of Enleromorpha ; it also grows on other marine algre, — 

 Urospora, Polysiphonia, Ascophyllum, Navicula, &c, and on hydrozoans 

 and infusoriaus. It consists of a single nearly spherical cell, measuring 

 from 16 to 26 /x. These cells, though they have been stated to be some- 

 times completely endophytic within the tissue of the host-plant, are 

 usually merely epiphytic ; and this must necessarily be the case with 

 Entcromorpha, which is monostromatic. The cell contains a single large 

 chromatophore, which may be central or lateral. Near the centre of the 

 cell is a well-defiued n lcleus from which the protoplasm radiates in tine 

 strands. Zoospores of two different sizes are produced ; but no evidence 

 of conjugation could be obtained. 



Fungi. 



Sexual Reproduction in Fungi.§ — Prof. P. A. Dangeard reviews the 

 present state of our knowledge respecting a sexual mode of reproduction 

 among tho higher Fungi. He asserts that there occurs a fusion of 

 gametes which has all the essential characters of a sexual process in 

 animals or plants, and which involves the necessity of a chromatic 

 reduction. The nuclei of the gametes have a different origin, and their 

 union ensures karyogamic rejuvenescence. A rejuvenescence of the 

 cytoplasm does not, in the higher Cryptogams, accompany the forma- 

 tion of the ovum ; it takes place before or after by means of anastomoses 

 between the different hyphre of a thallus or between different individuals. 

 The double nucleus of the ovum is a nucleus of segmentation, which is 

 always the sole source of the nucha of new generations. The second fusion 

 in the phenomenon which has been called " deuterogamy " || is not a 

 distinct process. 



Chinese Yeast and Amylomyees. IF — According to C. Wehracr, the 

 fermenting agent in Chinese yeast, a preparation used in Eastern Asia 



* Hedwipia, xxxix. (1900) Beibl., pp. 139-41. 

 t Brr. Dontseh. But. Ues., xviii. (1900) pp. 331-5 (1 pi.), 

 t Bot. Gazette, xxx. (1900) pp. 100-12 (1 pi.). 

 § Le Botaniste (Dansreard), vii. (1900) pp. 89-130. 

 || Of. this Journal, 1901, p. 73. 

 i Centralbl. Bakt., Z"> Abt., vi. (1900) pp. 353-65 (2 pis.). 



