ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 19 



discussed by the author is the one whether the "basilar granulations 

 of the cilia " cause the movement of the cilia — a question he is disposed 

 to answer in the negative. Generally, he believes that the vibratile 

 apparatus of cells in itself is a simple matter, and it is the condition of 

 the parietal apparatus which must be employed as a basis of classification 

 of the cells. 



Anastomoses of Gland-tubules.* — Prof. K. W. Zimmermann finds 

 that in the serous glands of the tongue in man anastomoses of the 

 tubules are of frequent occurrence. Their presence can be demonstrated 

 by reconstructions from serial sections. A list of glands in which 

 similar anastomoses occur is given by the author. 



Skin-Glands of Monotremes.f — Herr H. Eggeling corroborates the 

 view of Gegenbaur as to the homology of mammary glands and sweat- 

 glands in Monotremes. They are derived from perfectly similar rudi- 

 ments in the embryos. Another noteworthy point is the absence of 

 distinctly recognisable sebaceous glands in all the stages examined in 

 the region of the pouch, where they are abundant in the adult. 



The author contrasts sebaceous with sudorific glands, laying em- 

 phasis on the presence in the latter of a well-defined sharply contoured 

 lumen extending into the finest branches of the glands. The secretion 

 of the sudorific glands is formed by a vital metabolic process, while 

 that of the sebaceous glands is necrobiotic, the cell being sacrificed in 

 the process of secretion. All sudorific glands and the mammary glands 

 of higher mammals are permanently canaliculate, vitally secreting in- 

 tegumentary glands, while the sebaceous glands and the peculiar skin- 

 glands of reptiles are temporarily canaliculate and necrobiotic in their 

 mode of secretion. 



Luminous Organs of Selachians.^ — Prof. E. Burckhardt finds that 

 luminous organs, similar to those described by Johann (1899) in Spinax 

 niger, and observed in Isistius brasiliensis by Bennett (1840), occur in 

 many Spinacidae and La3margida3, nine cases having been observed. 



Structure of Nucleus of Trapezoid Body.§ — Prof. Livio Vincenzi 

 has succeeded in obtaining successful preparations of the calices of 

 Held in the nucleus of the trapezoid body in various animals, and finds 

 that the calix consists of two parts, (1) a pericellular capsule, and (2) 

 a fibre which forms a more or less closely woven network on the sur- 

 face of the capsule. The calix at times has a smooth surface, and at 

 other times shows numerous filiform prolongations straight or curved, 

 radiating outwards for a greater or less distance. These prolonga- 

 tions the author finds arise exclusively from the pericellular capsule. 

 In a concluding note the author criticises Veratti's observations on the 

 same subject. 



Canaliculi of Nerve-cells. || — Dr. Eniil Holmgren finds that the 

 ganglion-cells of the nerve-collar in Helix pomatia are admirably suited 



* Anat. Anzeig., xviii. (1900) pp. 373-G (1 fig.). 



t Verb. Anat. Ges., xivtk Vers.; in Anat. Anzeig., Erg. lift., xviii. (1900) 

 pp. 29-42 (6 figs.). 



t Ann. Nat. Hist., vi. (1900) pp. 558-68 (8 figs.). 

 § Anat. Anzeig., xviii. (1900) pp. 344-8 ((J figs.). 

 || Tom. cit., pp. 290-6 (4 figs.). 



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