ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 655 



bacterifera, an amoeboid form with coimneusal bacteria ; it is mobile in 

 character, and displaces the nucleus of the corpuscle ; (2) Laveran's 

 Bacillus krusei, with vacuoles full of bacilli ; it is immobile, and does 

 not displace the nucleus. He has not been able to find Lanlcesterella or 

 Drepanidium, so common in countries where it has been studied. 



In Cistudo europsea he found almost all the red blood-corpuscles 

 infected with Danilewsky's Hsemogregarina stepanowi. In Testudo ibera 

 he found a form which was uot referable to either of the two Hremo- 

 sporidia reported to occur in Eeptiles, namely Caryolysus and Hsemo- 

 gregarina. One of the peculiarities of this new form is that its nucleus 

 is at one of the extremities. A phenomenon like conjugation was 

 observed. 



Development of Polycystid Gregarines.* — L. Leger and O. Dubosq 

 refer to the fact that until recently the development of Polycystid 

 Sporozoa was held to include an intracellular stage. They were led 

 to oppose this general statement by finding no intracellular stage in the 

 life-history of Pyxinia mobuszi and Diplocystis major. Extending their 

 observations to types of the three great groups of Polycystids — Actino- 

 eephalidse, Dactylophoridaa, and Clepsidrinidje, they find no evidence of 

 an intracellular stage. Thus the Polycystids differ notably from the 

 intestinal Monocystids (e.g. Selenidium and Monocystis ascidise), whose 

 young stages are passed within epithelial cells. 



Exciting Cause of Vaccinia and Variola, f — Dr. M. Fuuck con- 

 cludes, from his observations and experiments, that the effect of vaccine 

 depends on a protozoon, apparently a sporozoon which exists in the 

 lymphatic system. This cell-parasite was first seen and examined by 

 L. Pfeiffer in 1887, and it is designated Sporidium vaccinate. In the 

 pustules of variola a morphologically similar protozoon exists. Spori- 

 dium vaccinate produces in calves the characteristic symptoms of vaccinia, 

 and imparts to animals a lasting immunity to vaccinia. From the 

 author's researches it appears that variola and vaccinia are apparently 

 two identical affections, and that eventually lymph will be able to be 

 prepared under more favourable conditions as regards efficiency and 

 sterility. 



* Comptes Rendus, cxxxiii. (1901) pp. 439-41. 



•<- Centralbl. B.kt., 1" Abt., xxix. (1901) pp. 921-40 (2 pla.). 



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