1^6 



for separate share. Thus the owner of the net and Iwat always gets 

 three shares and the rest one share each, hi the case of large 

 boats, the fish caught is divided into three equal shares, one of which 

 goes to the owner of the boat and net and the other two are equally 

 divided among the men who worked them. 



KOTTAREVU. 



The ticket-holders are women of Vada Balajees (Vadas) caste 

 known as Vadakulam. They do not live by fishing only as most 

 of the males of the ticket-holders own fields and cultivated paddy 

 and also very frequently go to Rangoon to earn. It is only those 

 who remain in the village that do the fishing work. Some of the 

 fishermen and curers are poor and live from hand to mouth. They 

 engage themselves as coolies and help the owners of nets and 

 boats. Other conditions are same as those of Guppidipeta. 



CALINGAPATAM, KOMARAVANIPETA AND KURREMRALLI. 



The fishing castes are Vada Balajees and Jalaris but most of 

 the fishermen are Vada Balajees. The houses of fishermen are built 

 on the sea-shore. Most of the fishermen are poor and live entirely 

 on fishing. The fishermen do not take advances from merchants. 

 The trade is obviously too small to attract capitalists or middlemen. 

 Hired labour is eniployed on days of heavy catches. 



PUKKILLAPETA. 



The fishing hamlet is situated at the mouth of the Lan gulia 

 river near the old fort of the Mussaffer Bunder and is inhabited 

 entirely by Vadas. Their huts are of the usual type but built in 

 rows and sanitation is very much neglected. Fishing is mostly 

 carried on in the sea. The right of fishing in the adjoining river 

 is leased by a sowcar who in his turn collects a lump sum jointly 

 subscribed by the fishermen of the locality. They are poor and 

 entirely depend on fishing for their livelihood but some of the 

 younger men go to Rangoon for work. They do not take any 

 advances from merchants but sell their catches for ready cash on 

 the beach and there is a good demand for fresh fish from Chicacole. 

 Fish is taken for curing only when it is very cheap or when the 

 catches are landed too late to be sent to Chicacole and other 

 markets. The ticket-holders do not own boats and nets but buy 

 the fish from fishermen. 



Iraguvala and Maravala are the nets mostly used in the sea. 

 Iraguvala requires four men to ply it and the catches are divided 

 into five shares — one of which goes to the owner of the net and the 

 rest to the four men. The Maravala of this locality is different 

 from those seen at Ennore and other places in the south being 

 wnthout the fixed engine called Kambi, and two nets are operated 

 conjointly each requiring four men. The catches are divided into 

 ten shares of which two go to the nets and the rest to the men. 



ALLIVALASA, CHINTAPALLI, MUKKAM AND NAGAMAYYAPALEM. 



The fishermen are Vada Balajees. A few of them are of ordinary 

 means and the rest are poor. They find their own capital to buy 

 boats and nets to conduct the industry. The owner of a big boat 



