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Association held at Edinburgh in 1850, for "the retractile portion of the Polyzoa"; or, in 

 other words, for the alimentary canal, the tentacles with their sheath, and the ganglion, of the 

 Ectoprocta. The term "zooecium", in the sense in which it is now used, was employed later (as 

 "zoocecium") by Smitt '). Although the idea, once current, that the polypide and the zooecium 

 represent two different kinds of individuals has long been given up, the terms are in almost 

 universal use in describing Polyzoa. Nitsche 2 ) indeed expressed the opinion that the calyx of 

 an Entoproct represented the polypide only of Ectoprocta; but it is more in accordance with the 

 present state of our knowledge to regard a Pedice//iua-'md'w\dua.\ as comparable with an entire 

 unit (zooecium -f polypide) of one of the Ectoprocta. The term "polypide" if applied to the 

 Entoprocta should thus be used for the alimentary canal, tentacles and certain other organs which 

 it might be difhcult to particularise; the body-wall of the calyx, stalk and the corresponding 

 stolon-segment being the morphological equivalent of the zooecium of Ectoprocta. 



1. Barentsia gracilis M. Sars 3 ). (PI. II, fig. 12). 



Pedicelllna gracilis M. Sars, 1S35, "Beskr. og Iagtt." (Bergen), p. 6, PI. I, lïgs 2a, 2b (Bergen). 

 Pedicellina gracilis Smitt, 1S71, "Krik förteckn.", V, Öfv. K. Vet.-Ak. Förh." XXVIII, p. 1133 



(Sweden, Spitsbergen; nodes of stalk mentioned). 

 Pedicellina gracilis Hincks, 1880, "Hist. Brit. Mar. Pol.*', p. 570, PI. LXXXI, figs 4 — 6. 

 Pedicellina gracilis Hincks, 1884, "Pol. Q. Charlotte Islands", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) XIII, 



p. 208 (Queen Charlotte Islands). 

 Pedicellina gracilis Levinsen, 1894, "Zool. Danica", IV, 1 Afd., "Mosdyr", p. 96, PI. IX, fig. 30 



(Denmark ; nodes of stalk figured). 

 Pedicellina gracilis Hilgendorf, 1898, "Occ. Pedicellina N. Zealand", Trans. N. Zeal. Inst., 



XXX (N. S. XIII), p. 218, PI. XXII, fig. i (New Zealand; nodes of stalk figured). 

 Barentsia gracilis Hincks, 1887, "Pol. Adriatic", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) XIX, p. 312 (Adriatic; 



nodes of stalk mentioned). 

 Barentsia gracilis Hincks, 1889, "Pol. St Lavvrence", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) III, p. 432, 



PI. XXI, figs 10, lOrt (St Lawrence). 

 Barentsia gracilis Carus, 1889, "Prodr. Zool. Med.", II, p. 53. 

 Barentsia gracilis Kirkpatrick, 1890, "Hydr. Pol. China Sea", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), V, 



p. 17 (Tizard Bank, betvveen Philippine Islands and Malay Peninsula, 27 fathoms). 

 Barentsia gracilis Ostrooumofï, 1896, "Otchet Exp. 'Selianik' ", Buil. Ac. Imp. St Pétersb., 



(5) V, p. 58 (Sea of Marmara). 

 Barentsia gracilis Calvet, 1902, "Bry. Cettc", Trav. Inst. Zool. Montpellier, (2) Mem. 11, 



p. 94 (Cette). 

 Barentsia gracilis Waters, 1904, "Rés. Voy. Belgica", Zool., "Bryozoa", p. 100 (Queensland). 

 Barentsia gracilis Waters, 1910, "'Rep. Mar. Biol. Sudanese Red Sea", J. Linn. Soc, Zool., 



XXXI, p. 251 (Red Sea). 

 Barentsia gracilis Ritchie, 191 1, "On an Ent. Pol.", Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., XLVII, Pt 4, 



pp. S41, 845, Plate, figs V — VII (Ostende, Isle of Man; nodes of stalk figured). 



1) SMITT, F. A., 1865, "Krit. förteckn." I, Öfv. K. Vet.-Akad. Förhandl., X" 2, p. 115, note; in place of "djurhus" of a 

 previous paper. It is not generally remembered that it had been used, many years earlier, for the animals themselves, by LAMOUROUX, whose 

 actual words are "Les Polypiers, qui seraient mieux nommés peut-être Zoacies ou Synzoaciphytes" ("Hist. Pol. Cor. Flex.", 1816, p. xli). 



2) Nitsche, H., 1871, "Beitr. Kenntn. Bry.", 111, Zeitschr. wiss. Zool., XXI, p. 483. 



3) Here, as in other cases, references to the synonymy will be found in Miss E. C. Jei.ly's "Synonymie Catalogue" (1889). 

 RlTCHIE, 1911, has given a recent synonymy of this common and widely distributed species; which makes it unnecessary for me to do 

 more than refer to the original description and to those notices of the species which are important, in the present connexion, from the 

 point of view of Geographical Distribution, or in other ways. 



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