I- 



■ iii the bottom (PI. VII, fig. [6 Anotl I stunted .specimen is anastomosed with two 



others, sterile and undeterminable calcareous algae, corals, sponges and Bryozoa, which seem 



nclose a common nucleus of some hard object. The species in question has also in this 



developed crustlike formations, from which issue short branches. The plant is in general 



rather burdened with extraneous objects, especially Bryozoa. Detached branches often appear 



to continue their orowth, and the surface of fractures is soon effaced by new-formed tissue. 



In .ui parallel to the longitudinal axis of a branch the medullary hypothallium is 



composed of cells which are frequently rectangular, and the length of which is i', — 2 times 

 the breadth. The size varies bei ween to and 22. seldom up to 28 ■>.. in length, generally 

 15 — 20 -/. 1 ii ■)- in breadth. They gradually decrease towards the perithallium, the cells 



of which are usually smaller than those of the hypothallium, varying from 5 — 8 u.. squarish and 

 up to about 12 il. in length. The limit between the said layers is however very indistinct. Here 

 and there in the hypothallium as well as the perithallium are to be seen alternating short and 

 loiiver cells. rather more commonlv in this species than in the other ones of this g-enus. Minute 

 square and oblique intermediate cells are numerous; they are 2 — 4 «,. in diameter. 



In the specimens examined only a small number of sporangia occur. They are frequently 

 65 — 85 •!.. long and 30 — 45 u.. broad. The other reproductive organs are unknown. 



The species in question on one side approaches to coarse forms of A. timorense. Voung 

 as well as stunted specimens of both species are sometimes not easily distinguished. However, 

 the plant is frequently much coarser than the said species, and the cells are as a rule a little 

 smaller. On the other hand it occasionally recalls A. erythraeum. 



Occurrence: The plant seems to have been fairly common at the stations 96 and 

 90. while only two rather young specimens have been brought home from stat. 86. 



3. Archaeolithothamnion timorense Fosl. PI. VIII, fig. 1 — 14. 



Thallus freely developed at the bottom, shrub-like, 3 — 5 cm. in diameter, subdichoto- 

 mously or irregularly branched; branches more or less spreading and curved, frequently knottv, 

 terete or subcompressed, most often tapering, 1,5 — 2,5 mm. thick. Sporangia 70 — 90 u.. long 

 by 35 — 50 ij., broad. 



Stat. 99. Off North-Ubian. 16 — 23 m. Lithothamnion bottom. 



Stat. 144. North of Salomakie (Damar) Island. 45 m. Coral bottom and Lithothamnion. 

 Stat. 277. Kulewatti (Sollot) Bay, Dammer Island. Reef. 



Stat. 2'6z. Between Xnsa Besi and the N.E.-point of Timor. 27 — 54 m. Sand, coral and Litho- 

 thamnion. 

 Stat. 315. East of Sailus Besar, Paternoster Islands. Up to 36 m. Coral and Lithothamnion. 



The plant is shrub-like or roundish, up to about 5 cm. in diameter. Judging from the 



gathered specimens, it develops itself freely at the bottom. Nor have I seen any specimen of 



attached to other objects, but sometimes anastomosed with small ones. In that 



the plant little by little develops a thin crust over the object, such as in some of the species 



menl lor inst. /.. tenue, L. pulchrum, A. Sibogae. So also it tends to cover Bryozoa 



or other animals which fasten themselves on or between the branches, or new formations 



