100 



THE rKESIDEXT S ADDRESS. 



reply to this most interesting question. Now, in all enquiries of this 

 — or, indeed, of any kind — it is best to start from the basis of defi- 

 nite ideas. In this case, therefore, I will begin by attempting, mind, 

 I only say attempting, a parallel of Art and of Science, by way of 

 contrast, in some axioms, which I will presently place before you. 

 Let me premise, however, that by the word Science, I mean chiefly, 

 if not wholly, Physical Science, and that in the sense of informa- 

 tion, as " ascertained truth," or, " as having to do with doctrines." 

 The word " Art " is used in the sense of " practical knowledge and 

 applied power." Moreover, it must always be remembered that Art, 

 even of the lowest and most inarticulate kind, is always tending 

 towards a scientific form, and Science — if it deserve the name — is 

 never absolutely barren, but bears fruit in some form of human 

 action — becomes an Art. The two run into each other. The follow- 

 ing are the axioms : — 



ART. 



1. Knows little of its birth. 



2. Invents. 



3. Uses the imperative. 



4. Teaches us to do. 



5. The methods of Art are tentative 

 and constructive. 



6. Has rules. 



V. Is mostly unconscious of mental 

 process. 



8. Does something and could do it 

 again. 



9. Apprehends. 



10. Can be transmitted, but is often 

 life rented, and may die with its 

 possessor. 



11. Is often Science materialized, 

 and unconsciously applied. 



12. Makes knowledge a means. 



13. Asks how. 



14. Sees. 



15. Uses one eye. 



SCIENCE. 



When recorded, recognizes its birth 

 — can register it — and has re- 

 corded much of its after history. 



Discovers. 



Uses the indicative. 



Teaches us to know. 



The methods of Science are induc- 

 tive and deductive. 



Has laws. 



Is conscious of it. 



Says something and could say it 



again. 

 Comprehends. 



Can also be transmitted, but is al- 

 ways transmissible. 



May be Art spiritualized. 



Makes it an end. 



Enquires why. 



Looks. 



Uses the other. 



But wisdom uses both, and is stereoscopic, discerning solidity as well 

 as surface, and seeing on both sides — its vision being the anum 

 quid of two images. Bacon calls Science and Art a pair of 

 C\ clops. 



