ACTINIARIA 



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pennons. Parietal muscles elongated with close, though not high folds, they are not expanded on the body- 

 wall, or only sHghtly so. Mesogloea in the region of the parietal muscles thick. Muscles in the mesenteries 

 of the second cycle of about the same appearance as the parietal muscles of the first cj-cle. Well developed 

 ciliated streaks. 



Colour: Scapus bro.wn, with dark, almost black spots. Longitudinal Unes of the capitulum pale 

 red. The rest of the capitulum pale rose-coloured. Tentacles bright salmon-red. Oral disc almost wliite, round 

 the mouth a red annulus, from which 12 fine rose-coloured stripes run towards the margin of the disc (Cac- 

 tosoma abyssorum, Danielssen). Scapus greyish-brown, capitulum almost white, outer tentacles purple, 

 more intensely coloured at the base, inner tentacles rose-coloured. Oral disc purple, with radial violet stripes. 

 The folded oral labiae more intensely purjjle (Phellia crassa, Danielssen). Tentacles light brown (Appel- 

 lof). The whole animal is in alcohol light brown (i sp. from the Michael Sars-Exp.). 



Dimensions: in extended state: Length of the column 4 cm, breadth i cm in the distal part, 0,5 cm 

 in the proximal part; length of the tentacles 0,2 cm (Danielssen, Cactosoma abyssorum) — length of the 

 column 4 — 5 cm, breadth in the proximal end i — 2 cm or more (T) anie\s5en, Phellia crassa). In preserved 

 state length of the column 1,3 cm, breadth 0,9 cm, inner tentacles 0,2 cm long; outer tentacles 0,1 cm 

 (Phellia crassa) — length of the column 2,2 cm, breadth 0,8 cm (preserved specimen from Greenland). Length 

 1,8 cm. Largest breadth i cm. Length of the tentacles about 0,5 cm (Spec, from Michael Sars-Exp.). 

 Occurrence: Greenland without distinct locality (Ryder) i sp. 



Between Spitzbergen and Finmark 74°55' N. i6°i9' E. 400 m (Olga-Exp. St. 53. 

 I sp.), 72°27' N. 20°5i' E. 349 m. Temperature at the bottom 3,5° Sand and clay 

 (Norw. N.-Atl.-Exp. St. 290 — Phellia crassa.) Off Lofoten 68°2i' N. io°4o' E. 836 

 Temp, at the bottom — 0,7° (Norw. N. Atl.-Exp. St. 164, Cactosoma abyssorum). 

 62°29' N. 4°i2' E. 518 m. Temp, at the bottom 1° (Michael Sars-Exp. 1902, St. 66), 

 I sp. 

 Exterior aspect: The column is divided in three regions, physa, scapus and capitulum. The most 

 proximal part, the physa, is flattened in the specimens from the Olga- and the North-Atlantic-Expeditions, 

 in the specimens from Greenland rounded and more physa-hke. There is, howe\er, no regular pedal disc 

 as the basilar muscles are absent, but as in many other Actiniaria the most proximal part of the body can 

 be flattened and attached Hke a regular pedal disc, wherefore I supposed in my description of Phelliomorpha 

 crassa (1902) that in fact a pedal disc and also basilar muscles were present. The physa is devoid of a cuticle; 

 in the t\T)e-specimen of Phellia crassa it looks, however, as if it had a cuticle in some parts. The middle part 

 of the column, the scapus, occupies the largest part of this region and is provided with a cuticle and "Hal- 

 campa-papmae" , to which grains of sand are attached. The capitulum is short, without a cuticle and with 

 distinct or indistinct longitudinal furrows corresponding to the insertions of the mesenteries. The tentacles 

 are 24, in three cycles, short, the inner tentacles about one third longer than the outer ones and, according 

 to the state of contraction, cylindrical or conical with a poms in the apex. The oral disc is flattened and 

 small. It is true that Danielssen declares that the oral disc of Cactosoma abyssorum is well developed, but 

 it seems to me that Danielssen has come to this conclusion by regarding an evaginated part of the actino- 



