ACTINIARIA 

 222 



Actinostola spetsbergensis Carlgr. 



PI. 2. Figs. 3—4. PI. 3. Fig,s. 13—15. 

 Actinostola spetsbergensis n. sp. Carlgren 1893. PI. i fig. 15. PI. 8 figs. 9, 10. PI. 9 fig. i. 



— Carlgr. Kwietniewski 1898 p. 130. Carlgren 1902 p. 46, 1913 p. i, 1916 p. 3. 



— sibirica n. sp. Carlgren 1901 p. 481. 1893 b p. 233 fig. i. 



— walteri n. sp. Kwietniewski 1898 p. 130. PI. 14 figs. 4 — 6. 

 PKyathactis hyalina n. gen. n. sp. Danielssen 1890. PI. i fig. 3. PI. 7 figs. 6—9. 



Diagnosis: Pedal disc from wide to small. Body generally in contracted state more broad than 

 high, in expanded state cup-like, in contracted more cylindrical. Column longitudinally furrowed, especially 

 in younger specimens, sometimes also with transversal furrows, so that tubercle-shaped elevations arise, 

 sometimes more irregularly wrinkled. Margin rather distinct, capable of involution. Sphincter strongly 

 reticular, sometimes with a little tendency to become alveolar, seldom with traces of stratification. Tentacles 

 hexamerously arranged, in larger specimens about 130 — 170 in number, the inner considerably longer than the 

 more or less papilliform outer, without thickenings of the mesogloea on the base of the outside; in young 

 specimens smooth, in older, in contracted state, wrinkled or sometimes feebly longitudinally sulcated. Longi- 

 tudinal muscles of the tentacles and radial muscles of the oral disc expanded over only a part of the meso- 

 gloea, and divided in rather fine meshes. Pairs of mesenteries in 5 cycles, the last cycle more or less perfect. 

 Mesenteries of the three first cycles perfect, sometimes only some of the mesenteries of the third cycle are perfect. 

 Mesenteries of the third cycle of different size in every pair, with the longitudinal muscles of the stronger mesen- 

 teries generally directed towards the mesenteries of the first cycle. Parietobasilar muscles very strong. 

 Dioecious. Reproductive organs developed from the mesenteries of the third cycle. Tjqjical nematocysts 

 in the distal part of the tentacles 19 — 31 X 1,5 — 2,5 (3) [i, in the actinopharynx 22 — 31 X 2 — 2,5 (3) fi. 

 Spirocysts in the distal part of the tentacles from 17 X 1,5 n to about 65 (70) X 4 (5) //. Nematocysts with 

 discernible basal part to the spiral thread in the actinophar>'nx 22 — 32 X 4 — 5 [x. Often also large stinging 

 capsules in the tentacles, in their distal part from 36 to 50 X 6 — 7 /x. 



Colour: pale reddish-yellow (Michael Sars-Exp. St. 96) ; pale reddish (Sw. Spitzberg-Exp. 1898). Ten- 

 tacles pale red (Sw. Spitzberg-Exp. Bremer Sound). Kyathactis hyalina: pale rosy-red, the pedal margin 

 yellowish-red, round the mouth a yellowish-red annulus. The tentacles of a somewhat darker rose-colour 

 than the body (Danielssen). 



Dimensions: Large specimens unto 2,5 — 3cm high and 6 — 7cm broad, in contracted state. 

 Occurrence: New Foundland Bank. 45°53' N. 5i°56' W. 5ofms. (IngegerdandGladan-Exp. 1871). 

 Rice Strait. 78°45'7 N. 74°56'5 W. 8 fms. (Fram-Exp. 1899). Hafne fiord between 

 76°25'— 76=40' N and 84=20' W.— 84=45' W. 2—30 fms. (Fram-Exp. 

 1900). Gaasefiord 76=44' N. 88=45' W. (Fram-Exp. 1901). 

 North-Greenland. Tliule Havn (1914 P. Freuchen). 



West-Greenland. Upernivik (Ryder). Nordre Stromfiord 225 — 230 m. Bottom temp. 

 — 0,5= (Nordmann 1911 St. 3 A). Nordre Stromfiord 14— 38m. 400 

 — 410m. (Nordmanni9iiSt.3B,4A). Akudlek(Traustedt).Hol- 



