ACTINIARIA 



175 



the species placed by Stephenson with Epiactis, the systematic position of some of them is questionable, 

 and E. fecunda, dubia, badia and nymphaea are only provisionally to be referred to Epiactis. According to 

 me, E. (Leiotealia) spetsbergensis must be dropped, as this species includes at least two, possibly a few more, 

 species, belonging to different genera. I have before put forth, that L. spetsbergensis perhaps for the greater 

 part is an Urticina felina crassicornis. Sections through the tentacles of some specimens and a closer examin- 

 ation of part of a specimen clearly show that we have to do with this species. The longitudinal muscles of 

 the tentacles were namely principally mesogloeal, the distal end of the primary folds are fused together, 

 so that a thin band of mesogloea is formed next to the ectoderm (the sections recall the figure 4 PI. 2, given by 

 Mc. Murrich 1911). The nematocysts also agree with those of Urticina. The description, given by Kwiet- 

 niewski, of a specimen — or maybe compiled from several specimens — indicates that the species is hetero- 

 geneous, which I am able to confirm after having examined another specimen. This specimen possibly may 

 be a Cribrina spetsbergensis, though the sucking warts seem to be absent (compare this species p. 155). I 

 have before (1901 p. 43) suggested, that Leiotealia might be identical with Epiactis{?) fecunda — an opinion, 

 which I based principally on the presence of a broodroom in a specimen of Kwietniewski's species, and on 

 the absence of sucking warts. This suggestion however, requires, confirmation. On aU accounts, Kwiet- 

 niewski's species contains at least two species, belonging to two different genera. Under such circumstances 

 I prefer to abolish Leiotealia spetsbergensis. 



Among the Arctic Cribrinids I have found 4 species: Epiactis marsupialis Carlgr., E. arctica (Verr.), 

 E. nordmanni n. sp. and E. incerta n. sj^. 



Epiactis marsupialis Carlgr. 



Epiactis marsupialis n. sp. Carlgren 1901 p. 482. 



Diagnosis: Column in contracted state generally conical, the height often twice the diameter of the body. 

 Column with a shghtly developed cuticle; with distinct fossa. Sphincter generally of palmate type, strong. Ten- 

 tacles conical, not or slightly longitudinally furrowed, in number to about 48 (6+6 + 12 + 24). Gonidial tubercles 

 distinct. Actinopharynx long with about 24 longitudinal furrows and two well developed siphonoglyphes 

 with rather well developed aboral prolongations. Mesenteries in three cycles (6 + 6 + 12 pairs), often more 

 numerous than the tentacles, most of them perfect. Longitudinal muscles of the mesenteries well developed, 

 broad. Parieto-basilar muscles very strong, reaching at most to the spliincter. Basilar muscles rather strong. 

 Oral and sometimes marginal stomata present. Dioecious. 6 symmetrically placed pairs of the last cycle 

 smaller than the others of the same cycle, without reproductive organs and mostly without filaments. The 

 embryos develop in excavated pits on the outside of the aboral part of the column. Nematocysts in the ecto- 

 derm of the column 22—32x2,5—3 fi, in the tentacles 18—26 X about 2 (1,5—2,5) n, in the actinopharynx 

 24 — 34(35) X 3 — 4,5 //. Spirocysts of the tentacles from (14) 17 X i — 31 X 2,5 /i. 



Colour in alcohol: Tentacles pale rose-red (i spec). The ectoderm of the column was brownish. 



Dimensions: The strongly contracted, in 1901 reproduced specimen, furnished with brood-pits, hada 

 length of 1,8 cm, its largest breadth was 2,2 cm. Two other specimens were 3 cm resp. 1,4 long and 1,7 cm resp. 

 0,7 cm broad. 



