ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 215 



as cocoa, on which he found a Ftisarium that killed the branches, and 

 which required their cutting and burning in order to save the tree. 

 Seedling cocoa plants were attacked by Pestalozzia guepini ; the roots by 

 Hymenochsete noxia. Coffee trees were attacked by Nectria Behinskiana, 

 and by a Hyphomycete, Pellicularia Icoleroja. 



L. Petri * publishes further notes on the diseases of olive trees in 

 Italy. On the young leaves he found Phyllosticta Olese sp. n., which 

 causes spots ; the fruits were often attacked by bacteria, which gave 

 rise to gummosis, and the roots were covered at the tips by a niycorhiza 

 which prevented further development. At the tips of the roots he also 

 found the perithecia of a new fungus, Gryptoascus oligosporus g. et sp. n. 



F. Bnbakt reports on the work done at Tabor in Bohemia during 

 the year 1908. Pine trees were attacked by Macrophoma bohemica and 

 by Rehmiellopsis bohemica g. et sp. n., the latter an Ascomycete with a 

 many-spored ascus. Steganosporium SiraTcoffii sp.;n. did considerable 

 damage to young trees of Morus nigra. Tomatoes suffered from Macro- 

 sporium Solani. Sphserotheca Mali was found on apple trees, and Oidium 

 Quercinum on oak, with perithecia. 



F. 0. von Faber % has published a monograph dealing with the various 

 diseases to which cocoa trees are liable, a number of them being caused 

 by parasitic fungi, such as Pltytophthora sp., which induces a brown- 

 rot. He devotes considerable space to methods of fighting the various 

 diseases. 



F. W. Neger § has studied the diseases of the seeds of forest trees. 

 The failure of these seeds to germinate arises from various causes, but 

 in many cases it has been traced to the presence of fungi. He found 

 spores in acorns, chestnuts and pine trees that were very similar to smut- 

 spores, and Urocystis has been demonstrated on edible chestnuts. A 

 disease of red chestnut seeds was also caused by a fungus, mycelium 

 being found within the seed-coats. On cultivation, Botrytis cinerea was 

 constantly produced ; infection had probably occurred during the flower- 

 ing season. 



W. J. Gallagher || has described some root diseases of Hevea brasili- 

 enses, the Para rubber tree. Fomes semitostus is one of the worst ; it 

 envelops the lateral roots with a fine white felt and quickly kills them. 

 The spores germinate only saprophytically on dead wood, and the fungus 

 then passes to the living root. 



In another paper 1[ the author describes a branch and stem disease 

 of Hevea caused by Corticium Zimmermanni ; it checks the flow of latex 

 and causes the early fall of the leaves. 



E. S. Salmon** reports on Economic Mycology — work connected with 

 fungoid plant diseases that has been undertaken at Wye during 1908. 

 Diseases of various fruit trees, flowering plants and vegetables were 



* Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, xviii. (1909) pp. 635-42 (4 figs.). 



f Zeitschr. Land. Versuch. Oesterr. Wien, 1909, pp. 453-6. See also Hedwigia, 

 Beibl., xlix. (1909) p. 72. 



X Arb. k.Biol. Anst. Berlin, 1909, pp. 193-351 (1 pi. and figs.). See also Hed- 

 wigia, Beibl., xlix. (1909) pp. 72-3. 



§ Tharandt. Forstl. Jahrb. Leipzig, lx. (1909) pp. 222-52 (figs.). See also Hed- 

 wigia, Beibl., xlix. (1909) pp. 73-5. 



|| Dept. Agric. Federated Malay States, Bull. No. 2 (1909) 13 pp. 



\ Op. cit., No. 6 (6 pp.). See also Ann. Mycol., vii. (1909) pp. 562-3. 



** South East Agric. Coll. Wye (London, i909). 



