ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 209 



ence ; also that spores were not ripe so long as they remained attached 

 to their stalks, and that the maturing of the spores depends on particular 

 temperatures. 



J. Yleugel * has published a paper on the Phragmidia of Rubus. He 

 divides the species into two groups : those with paraphyses (six species) ; 

 and without paraphyses (one species — P. Rubi-Idsei). 



F. Miihlethaler j made a series of cultures with coronate rusts. With 

 teleutospores from Galamagrostis varia he infected several species of 

 Rhamnus ; and with fecidiospores from R. alpina he reproduced uredo- 

 spores on Calamagrostis. He does not think the Uredine is identical 

 either with Puccinia coronata or P. coronifera. With tecidiospores from 

 Rhamnus cathartica he produced uredospores on Bromus erectus var. 

 condmsatus, and on several species of Festuca. Later, he found Bromus 

 < rectus at the same locality with a good growth of coronate teleutospores. 

 The author thinks he may he dealing with a biological species of Puccinia 

 coronifera. 



Deformations caused by Uredinese.J — Ruth Stampfli considers these 

 under three heads : galls, deformations of flowers, and deformations of 

 stems and of leaves. The galls may be formed on leaves usually on the 

 veins, on the leaf -stalks, and on the stems. In the leaves the palisade 

 parenchyma takes part in the gall-formation ; in leaf -stalk and stems 

 the pith, wood-cells and cambium grow out, and in a lesser degree the 

 bark, bast, and epidermis. As regards flower deformations, the petals, 

 etc., are changed often to vegetative leaves ; other changes that occur 

 are also described. In stems and leaves witches' brooms are formed, 

 leaves are thickened, and their shape altered. In general, it is found 

 that the tissue formed approaches more nearly to parenchyma in form, 

 and this seems to indicate a return to more primitive tissue. 



Fungi of Brandenburg.§ — E,. Kolkwitz gives an account of the 

 Schizornycetes — the bacteria — of this province, both economic and 

 pathogenic, He gives a history of the study of this group of organisms, 

 describes their development and habitat, and then gives a systematic 

 account of genera and species. 



E. Jahn begins the discussion of the Mysobacteriaceas, giving a 

 history of their discovery, and tracing their life-history and development. 



Notes on some Larger Fungi. || — W. A. Merrill publishes a coloured 

 plate of nine different species of fungi — species of Leotia, DictyopJiora, 

 Mutinus, and Scleroderma — with full descriptions, and notes on each of 

 the species. 



H. J. Banker If traces the history in literature of Linnaeus' plant, 

 Hydnum parasiticum, confused later with H. strigosum Swartz. The 

 latter plant is very rare in America, and is now classified as Gloiodon 

 strigosum. 



* Svensk. Bot. Tidssk., ii. (1908) pp. 123-38 (5 figs.). See also Ann. Mycol., vii. 

 (1909) p. 306. f Centralbl. Bakt., 2te Abt. xxvi. (1910) p. 58. 



J Hedwigia, xlix. (1910) pp. 230-67 (27 figs.). 



§ Krypt. Flora Mark Brandenb. Pilze, Leipzig, Gebriider Borntraeger, v. 1 

 (1909) 192 pp. (5 pis.). 



Mycologia, ii. (1910) pp. 1-6 (1 pi.). 1 Tom. cit., pp. 7-11. 



