ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 745 



Endomyces on Apples.* — Ch. E. Lewis has isolated from decaying 

 apples a species of Endomyces (E. Mali), which has been hitherto un- 

 known in North America. It is only on ripe fruits that it is found, 

 where it forms small rotten specks. The fungus was cultivated and 

 compared with E. Magnum. It differs from the latter in the absence of 

 oidia, and in the abundant formation of asci. The minute size of the 

 nuclei rendered cytological observations almost impossible. 



New Species of Monascus. f — Andre Piedaller records another 

 species of this rare genus of microscopic fungi. It grew in oil, said to 

 come from Japan, and was cultivated on various media side by side with 

 two other known species. Though closely allied, it differed from both 

 in several particulars, and has been classified by the author as a new 

 species, Monascus ohi. 



Sphaerosoma.} — W. A. Setchell has written a review of this genus, 

 dividing it into three groups : (1) Sphserosoma, including those species 

 with echinulate spores ; (2) Sphserozone, with warted spores ; and (3) 

 Ruhlandiella, in which the spores have a netted epispore. The Cali- 

 fornian species included in these groups are described by the author. 



New Lancashire Cryptogams.§ — J. A. Wheldon records two inter- 

 esting finds for the county, Cyathipodia curium, an elegant stalked black 

 fungus, shaped when young like a miniature champagne-glass, and 

 iSphserospora trechispora var. paludicola Boud. Both of these fungi were 

 determined by Boudier, the eminent French mycologist. 



Development of Gnomonia erythrostoma.|| — F. T. Brooks publishes 

 the results of his research on this fungus, which causes cherry leaf 

 scorch, a disease that has done much damage in the cherry orchards of 

 Kent. The fungus remains on the withered leaves during the winter, 

 and reinfects the young leaves in spring. An attempt was made to 

 convey the disease to Cambridge, but though several leaves were infected, 

 a sufficient quantity could not thus be obtained for research, and 

 material was then obtained in Kent. Trees that have suffered from the 

 disease for years have had their vigour much impaired, the yield of 

 fruit being scanty and the cherries hard and not properly ripened. 

 Early stages were difficult to find, but were finally detected as yellowish 

 spots near the midrib, which, on sectioning, showed the characteristic 

 Gnomonia mycelium. 



Brooks first describes the sperm ogonia, which occurred in great 

 numbers on the under side of thf leaf, and resemble those of Uredinese. 

 The spermatia are long and thread-like, and possess the cytological 

 characters of male cells. There was no evidence of fertilization, and 

 they may be considered as functionless ; it was not found possible to 

 induce the spermatia to germinate. The perithecia are also formed on 



* Maine Agric. Exper. Stat., Bull. No. 178 (1910) pp. 45-64 (7 pis.). See also 

 Ann. Mycol., viii. (1910) p. 487. 



t Comptes Rendus, cli. (1910) pp. 397-9. 



X Univ. California Publications (Bot.) iv. 5 (1910) pp. 107-20 (1 pi.). See also 

 Bot. Zeit., lxviii. (1910) pp. 197-8. 



§ Lancashire Naturalist, iii. (1910) p. 83. 



|| Ann. Bot., xxiv. (1910) pp. 585-605 (2 pis.). 



Dec. 21st, 1910 3 r» 



