ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY. ETC. 79 



Niphobolus. * — Dr. K. Gicsenhagen publishes a monograph of this 

 genus of tropical and subtropical ferns, preceded by a general account 

 of the structure of the genus and a statement of the general principles 

 of the classification of ferns. Fifty species are enumerated and de- 

 scribed, including several new ones. 



Fossil Heterosporous Ferns. | — B. Eenault points out that the 

 family of fossil Vascular Cryptogams known as Botryopterideaa, having 

 megaspores and microspores closely resembling one another, may be 

 regarded as a family intermediate between the isosporous Filices and 

 the heterosporous Hydropterideas (Bhizocarpese). He now calls atten- 

 tion to the fact that in the terrain houiller of Grand-Croix are the re- 

 mains of a true leptosporangiate fern, Pecopteris asterotheca, in which 

 there were distinctly two kinds of spore. It would appear that at that 

 period both Eusporangiate and Leptosporangiate ferns had both iso- 

 sporous and heterosporous genera. 



Muscineee. 



Anatomy and Biology of Mosses. J — W. Lorch supplements his 

 earlier treatise on the Anatomy and Biology of Musci with some addi- 

 tional notes on the following points : — Development of the leaf of 

 Leucobryum vulgare ; Development of the leaf of Encalypta streptocarpa ; 

 Anatomical investigation of the leaf of E. ciliata and of some species 

 of Barbula ; Development and anatomy of the leaf of Sphagnum. 



Hypopterygiacese.§ — Dr. N. C. Kindberg gives a monograph of 

 this chiefly tropical family of Mosses, of which the following are given 

 as the characters of the reproductive organs : — Bryineae dicholepidese 

 platylepidese ; peristomium duplex, vel in uno genere simplex, processus 

 endostomii carinati, dentibus vix angustiores ; capsula collo saepissime 

 destituta; operculum rostratum, seta laevis ; spori vix 0*01 mm. The 

 family consists of two genera, Catharomnion with one, and Hypo- 

 pterygium with thirty-six species. 



Apospory in Anthoceros.|| — Dr. W. H. Lang describes a case of 

 artificially produced apospory in Anthoceros Isevis, the first recorded in 

 the Hepaticae. The process was the same as that which has been suc- 

 cessful with some Mosses. Small pieces were cut off an unopened 

 sporogone and laid on damp sand under a bell-glass. In the course of 

 a few weeks small outgrowths of a deep green colour had been formed 

 on some of the pieces, and had put out rhizoids. In almost every case 

 the new growth appeared to owe its origin to a single cell of the sporo- 

 gone. 



Algse. 



Galaxaura.lf — F. B. Kjellman gives a detailed account of the 

 structure of this genus of Florideaa, with a monograph of the known 



* Die Famgattung Niphobolus, Jena, 1901, 223 pp. and 20 figs. 



t Comptes Kendus, exxxiii. (1901) pp. 64S-51 (5 figs.). 



| Flora, lxxxix. (1901) Ergz.-Band, pp. 434-54 (32 figs.). Cf. this Journal, 1894, 

 p. 596. § Hedwigia, xl. (1901) pp. 275-303. 



|| Ann. Bot., xv. (1901) pp. 503-10 (1 pi.). 



•ff K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., xxxiii. (1900) pp. 1-110 (20 pis.). See Bot. 

 Ztg., lix. (1901) 2 ,e Abt., p. 337; also Bot. Centralbl., lxxxviii. (1901) p. 330. 



