ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 169 



line and the trigeminal. In three dissections Burne found that the 

 branch of the proiundus, which Cole described as innervating two 

 organs of the supra-orbital canal, was joined, after leaving the orbit, by- 

 two twigs from the ramus ophthalmicus superficialis of the facial. The 

 organs in question probably receive their nerves from the superficialis, 

 as do the other organs of that canal, and in their mode of innervation 

 show a close similarity to those in front of them ; for in both cases the 

 actual nerve-trunk from which the filaments for the individual sense- 

 organs arise is of a compound nature formed by an intimate blending of 

 the superficialis VII with the profundus V, differing only in the fact 

 that in the case of these two sense-organs the union occurs between the 

 smaller branches of the nerves, while in that of the organs in front it 

 involves their main trunks. 



Membranes of the Spinal Cord.* — Dr. G. Sterzi gives a detailed 

 account of the structure of the medullary investments from the lancelet 

 to man, and shows the gradually increasing complexity. The work is a 

 model of thoroughness, and the author describes the state of affairs in 

 more than fifty forms. He also gives an account of the development, 

 and a theoretical discussion of the phylogenetic evolution. 



Hsemolymph Glands in Man and Mammals.f — E. Morandi and P. 

 Sisto conclude that the hsemolymph glands have to do, not only with 

 the formation of the -white blood-corpuscles, but also with the destruc- 

 tion of the red. They refer especially to three facts : — (1) the presence 

 in the glands of globuliferous and pigmentiferous cells ; (2) the great 

 abundance of these elements in cases where the spleen has been re- 

 moved ; and (3) the increased production of haemolytic substance in such 

 conditions. 



Lacteal Secretion. J — M. Limon has made observations on the 

 guinea-pig, and has reached the following conclusions : — The mammary 

 gland functions during lactation like a serous gland. The nucleus 

 shares in the secretion, its structure changes, it divides amitotically, 

 and degenerates. But the degeneration is little more than the expres- 

 sion of functional exhaustion, and the frequent amitosis does not imply 

 the death of the cell. It is the cytoplasm which elaborates the secre- 

 tion, with the co-operation of ergastoplasmic filaments in the basal 

 region of the cell. 



Circulation in the Spleen.§ — Dr. K. Helly has studied this in the 

 new-born infant, and in kittens, rabbits, &c, and is definitely opposed to 

 the view that the circulation is not a closed system. The blood flows 

 through a closed capillary network, whose walls show no permanent 

 gaps for the exit of red blood-corpuscles. Where these pass out it is 

 by true diapedesis. He also gives evidence to show that leucocytes pass 

 through the closed walls. 



Limiting Membrane in Human Serosa.|| — Prof. L. Vincenzi has 

 studied the delicate connective-tissue membrane which Bizzozero de- 

 scribed in 1874, directly below the endothelium in pleural, pericardial,. 



* Atti E. 1st. Veneto, lx. (1901) pp. (x.) and 1101-1361 (5 pis.). 

 + Atti R. Accad. Sci. Torino, xxxvi. (1901) pp. 384-90 (1 pi.). 

 t Journ. Anat. Physiol., xxxviii. (1902) pp. 14-34 (1 pi.). 

 § Arch. Mikr. Anat, lix. (1901) pp. 93-105 (1 pi.). 

 '|| Anat. Anzeig., xx. (1902) pp. 492-5 (2 figs.). 



