ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY. ETC. 219' 



Mycorhiza in the Marchantiaceas.* — M. Golenkin has studied the 

 occurrence of Mycorhiza in different members of the Hepaticse, especially 

 in the family of the Marckantiacese. He finds the fungus in the rhizoids, 

 and in the red-violet cells, but the hyphse do not penetrate the chloro- 

 phyll cells of the thallus. The starch disappears from the cells in- 

 habited by the fungus, but there must be some sufficient compensation 

 afforded by the fungus as the Hepatic does not suffer but rather profits 

 from the symbiosis. It has not been possible to determine the species 

 of fungus causing the Mycorhiza. 



Parasitic Fungi. — A. Trotter f finds, on Cotyledon Umbilicus the 

 lecidium stage of a fungus which he names JEcidium Umbilici sp. n. ; 

 and on the same plant also the teleutospore-form which he believes to be 

 genetically connected with it, viz. Puccinia Umbilici. The latter must 

 be removed from the subgenus Leptopuccinia to Pucciniopsis. 



E. Heinricher J records the occurrence on Tozzia alpirui of a para- 

 sitic fungus belonging to the Ustilagineae and to the genus Entyloma, 

 which he regards as probably a new species, and names Entyloma Tozziae. 



E. Fischer § has identified JEcidium elatinum, which produces witch- 

 broom on the silver fir, with Melampsora Caryophyllacearum DC. (M. 

 Cerastii Pers.) on Stellaria nemorum as its uredoform. 



In a collection of Fungi sent by Bornmiiller from Turkmehia, P. 

 Magnus || finds, on Calligonum comosum, a new parasitic fungus which he 

 names Leptothyrium Bornmulleri. To what genus of Ascomycetes it 

 belongs is at present undetermined. 



V. Peglion % states that species of Botryosporium are saprophytic 

 rather than parasitic on wheat, being found only in tissues which have 

 already been attacked by Tylenchus. 



Fungal Diseases of Plants, &c.** — Yon Klebahn has discovered the 

 related forms of a number of heteroecious rusts of which he gives a. 

 preliminary list. 



An anthracnose of clover due to a fungus Glceosporium Trifolii has 

 been detected by Dr. Mehner near Freiberg in Saxony. From 25 to 

 30 p.c. of the plants in the fields attacked were destroyed. The fungus 

 seizes on both leaves and stem, and the plant succumbs very soon. The 

 disease has been known in America for some time, and it is suppoted 

 that it has been brought over to Europe with American clover seeds. 



Fritz Noack gives an account of various diseases to which the coffee 

 plant is liable in Brazil. Cercospora coffeicola grows on the leaves and 

 reduces the vitality of the plant so that the beans are badly developed. 



The author has found growing along with Cercospora a pyrenomycete 

 which he names Mycosphserella coffese ; it is sporadic in its occurrence 

 and does not do much damage. Another fungus, also a new species, 

 Colletotrichum coffeanum, grows along with Cercospora. Noack does not 

 consider that it causes much harm to the coffee plants, it appears only 

 on branches already weakened by some other cause. 



The leaves of juniper in Smolensk were found to be attacked by a 



• Flora, xc. (1902) pp. 209-20. t Bull. Soc. Bot. ItaL, 1901, pp. 143-4. 



t Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xix. (1901) pp. 362-6 (2 figs.). 

 § Tom. cit., pp. 396-8. || Tom. cit., pp. 447-9 (1 pi.). 



^ Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank., xi. (1901) pp. 89-92. See Bot. Centralbl., lxxxviii 

 (1901) p. 314. ** Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank., xi. (1901) Hefts 4 and 5 (1 pi.). 



