220 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



parasitic fungus described by Ellis as a Coryneum. A. V. Jaczewski 

 bas named it Exosporium jumperinum. It destroys tbe needles, and iu 

 a year or two tbe tree dies. The author found on the juniper a number 

 of microscopic fungi, Calia juniperina, in close connection with the 

 Exosporium,'' and Eendersonia notha which occurred on the withering 

 needles. 



F. W. Neger discusses the method of preventing the spread of 

 disease caused by members of the Erysiphaceae. He finds that many 

 of the peritheciu fall from the leaves before they are fully decayed, and 

 that destruction by burning ought to take place at an earlier stage than 

 is commonly practised. He bases this opinion on a prolonged study of 

 the organs of attachment of tbe perithecia. 



A note on Botrytis cinerea is published by K. Mohr-Laubenheim. 

 The fungus has proved destructive to vine twigs, and caused much loss 

 to the cultivators. 



A. P. Anderson* has studied a disease on Abies balsamea which 

 induced canker growths and swellings on the stem, and which he finds 

 -to be due to a fungus Dasyscypha resinaria, already recorded from 

 Wales and from Hungary but hitherto unknown in America. The 

 smooth bark of the tree becomes rough at the diseased spot and there 

 is a continuous exudation of resin. The cambium is at first excited to 

 greater activity by tbe presence of tbe fungus, and a wider ring of 

 wood is formed. In time it is killed, and if the whole zone is.atfected 

 the branch dies. The author found also that the wood of the affected 

 tree invariably contained pathogenic resin-canals in the region of the 

 disease. Such canals occur only when the wood bas been injured 

 mechanically or by the presence of mycelium. The fruiting form of 

 the fungus does not form until the stem or branch has been killed by 

 the action of the mycelium, and then the ascomata are produced one 

 year only. Dasyscypha resinaria has not hitherto been regarded as a 

 parasite, but the author has no doubt of the identity of his fungus 

 with this species. He was not able to carry out infection experiments, 

 but he is none the less convinced that the canker is caused by the 

 Dasyscypha. The spores gain access to the tree through wounds caused 

 by insects or by the breaking of branches. 



The same author f publishes a note on the rice smut ( Tilletia horrida) 

 of South Carolina, which he finds to be identical with the smut found in 

 Japan. It had been introduced to South Carolina along with seed-rice 

 brought from Japan in 1896. 



F. Blumeutritt } cultivated on various media an Aspergillus (A. 

 bronchialis sp. n.) which had been detected in a bronchus of a diabetic 

 by Prof. H. Chiari. The substrata used were gelatin, bread, plum and 

 dung decoctions, Molisch's medium (H 2 500 ; cane-sugar 15 ; am- 

 monium chloride 3 ; magnesium sulphate • 25 ; potassium monophos- 

 phate 0-25 ; a trace of iron) ; and 5 p.c. sugar solution. On the quality 

 of the nutrient medium depended the quantity of fructification, of the 

 mycelium, and the colour of the spore masses. The Aspergillus is 

 strongly aerobic, its optimum temperature is 32° and it liquefied gelatin. 

 The mycelium is at first white and afterwards yellowish. The hyphie 



* Bull. Tor. Bot. Club, xxix. (1902) pp. 21-34. t Tom. cit., pp. 35-6. 



X Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xix. (1901) pp. 442-6 (1 pi.). 



