1 



226 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Salmonella (hog-cholera type), as it does not grow on potato. The 

 best medium was found to be fresh peptonised bouillon and horse-serum 

 in the proportion of 8 of bouillon to 1 of serum. The results of the 

 investigation were as follows. The pigeon, of all the domestic fowls, is 

 the most sensitive to avian diphtheria. Experimental transmission of 

 the disease is easily effected in the pigeon, both by inoculation, by feed- 

 ing with infected food, and by the dejecta of sick birds. An active im- 

 munity may be imparted by means of attenuated virus injected into the 

 peritoneal sac, but not by subcutaneous inoculation. From horses a 

 powerful preventive anti-microbic serum may be obtained, and this will 

 impart to sensitive animals an active immunity by means of serum 

 vaccination. 



Acid-resisting Bacilli in Gangrene.* — Folli found in 3 out of 6 cases 

 of gangrene, acid-resisting bacilli. Such pseudo-tuberculous bacteria 

 may be differentiated from true tubercle bacilli by means of tartaric 

 acid (1 in 20), which decolorises the former in 5 minutes while the real 

 tubercle bacilli hold out for 20. The pseudo-bacilli are longer, thinner, 

 less granular, more pointed, and more often in clumps or chains. The 

 author suggests that some of the cases of cured phthisis were possibly 

 due to these pseudo-tubercle bacilli. 



Pseudo-diphtheria Bacilli.f — Ch. Lesieur discusses at some length 

 the numerous points in connection with differentiating the Klebs-Loefner 

 bacillus from the pseudo-diphtheria bacilli. The important practical 

 conclusions are that the Ernst-Neisser stain is very valuable, and that 

 the pseudo-diphtheria bacilli are comparatively rare. In the doubtful 

 cases no definite diagnosis can be arrived at without a long, tedious 

 examination and experiments on animals. Hence it is advisable to 

 assume that the bacilli are diphtheritic if they be morphologically 

 identical with any of the three accepted varieties. 



Use of Tyrogen in Cheese-making. J — Dr. E. von Freudenreich 

 records some experiments made with tyrogen (Bacillus nobilis Adametz). 

 The cheeses made with tyrogen turned out very well both with regard to 

 flavour and taste, and compared very favourably with those made with 

 natural rennet, though occasionally they were a little bitter. 



Formation of Bacteroids in Artificial Nutrient Media. § — A. 

 Stutzer records the results of cultivating the bacteroids of certain 

 LeguminosaB in aqueous extracts of the seeds of this particular species, 

 especially with reference to the concentration of the nutritive fluid and 

 to the presence of certain mineral substances, notably phosphate of 

 potassium. For the details, which are too numerous for collation, the 

 original should be consulted. 



Capsule and Flagella of B. anthracis. || — Dr. Hinterberger de- 

 scribes the capsule and flagella of the anthrax bacillus, which, he states, 

 can be demonstrated by applying Van Ermengen's method to the stain- 

 ing of film preparations from agar cultivations, which must be at least 

 24 hours old if incubated at 37° C, or 48 hours if grown at the room 



* Riforma Med., Aug. 27, 1901. See Brit. Med. Journ., 1901, Epit. 462. 

 + Journ. Phys. et Path. Ge'n., iii. (1901) pp. 961-76, 1000-15. 

 + Centralbl. Bakt., 2" Abt., vii. (1901) pp. 857-71. § Tom. cit., pp. 897-912. 

 || Op. cit., 1" Abt., xxx. (1901) pp. 417-24 (1 pi.). 



