ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 347 



• or horse-serum, the mixture formed a medium almost equal in value to 

 the rabbit-serum when alone. 



Streptocolysine thus obtained is extremely active, but is in no sense 

 specific; it dissolves, though at somewhat different rates, the red discs 

 of man, rabbit, guinea-pig, sheep, ox, horse, and dog ; it resists a tem- 

 perature of 55-56° C. for half-an-hour, exposure to 70° C. for two hours 

 being necessary to destroy its hemolytic properties. Prolonged ex- 

 posure to low temperatures, e.g. 37° C, for some days, or even 15-17° C. 

 for 20 days, will produce the same effect. Having once lost its haemo- 

 lytic power, the streptocolysine cannot be reactivated by the addition 

 either of new serum or of new streptocolysine. Curiously enough, its 

 haemolytic action is feeble at the room temperature, and is most active 

 at 37° C. Streptocolysine is not toxic for animals. 



Normal Serum in Pneumo-Enteritis. * — Voges stated that • 01 

 mgrm. of a cultivation of the bacillus of pneumo-enteritis of swine 

 (Schweinseuclie) was the minimal fatal dose for the guinea-pig, whether 

 inoculated subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, and further that the 

 simultaneous injection (subcutaneously) of O'l ccm. of normal guinea- 

 pig serum would protect another guinea-pig against the subcutaneous 

 injection of 1000 times the minimal fatal dose, or the intraperitoneal 

 injection of 50 times the minimal fatal dose. 



Satykow, who attempted to repeat these experiments, obtained dia- 

 metrically opposite results. Using a cultivation which had been exalted 

 to the same degree of virulence as that employed by Voges, this ob- 

 server found that the subcutaneous minimal fatal dose was 200 times 

 as great as the intraperitoneal minimal fatal dose ; while those animals 

 injected simultaneously with cultivation and normal serum died as soon 

 as, and sometimes earlier than, the control guinea-pigs. He therefore 

 concludes that the results obtained by Voges depended upon some in- 

 dividual and accidental peculiarity of the serum employed. 



Resorption of Bacteria from the Intestines, f — Eogozinski ques- 

 tions the work of Meissner, Hauser, Neisser, Opitz, and others who 

 maintain that the tissues of normal animals are sterile, and details two 

 series of experiments in support of his views. The first series included 

 27 dogs and 3 cats, the chyle or mesenteric glands, or both, being 

 examined microscopically and by means of cultivations, the result 

 being negative so far as concerned the chyle, but positive in the case 

 of the glands, as out of 26 animals from which samples of gland- 

 substance were removed 21 gave evidence of infection, 18 of them 

 yielding cultivations of bacilli belonging to the Coli group. Six strains 

 of cocci (species not specified), two of Proteus vulgaris, one of B. subtilis, 

 and one of B. mesentericus vulgatus, were also observed. The varieties 

 of B. coli, 35 in all, were carefully studied on all different media, com- 

 pared with control cultivations, and their identity established. 



In the second series (seven dogs) the blood and mesenteric glands 

 were examined bacteriologically, after feeding three animals with culti- 

 vations of B. prodigiosus, two with B. Jciliensis, and two with B. rnycoides, 

 .at each meal for three to five days. The results were positive, the 



* Ann. Inst. Pasteur, xvi. (1902) pp. 94-6. 



t Bull. Internat. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, 1902, pp. 96-112. 



