466 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



the description is too imperfect to allow of identification. E. Lalhyri 

 Merat, G. Saxifrages sibericse Merat, E. Lilix Herat are not fungi but 

 the work of some insect. Several other species are dealt with, and 

 reasons given why they should not be included in the flora. A copious 

 bibliography, a host-index, and a species-index of the whole group are 

 printed at the end of the notes. 



New Species of Venturia.* — By observation and culture experi- 

 ments, E. Aderhold finds the species Venturia Cratsegi to be distinct 

 from V. chlorospora in which it was formerly iccluded. The conidial 

 form belongs to the genus Fusicladium, and to it he has also given the 

 specific name Cratsegi. The perithecia of Venturia are to be found in 

 groups on the underside of the leaves of Crataegus Oxyacantha, and ripen 

 in winter or during the early spring months. Fusicladium appears on 

 the fruits of the hawthorn where it produces abundant conidia and 

 may outlive the winter. The fruit is filled with fungus hyphae and 

 dark crusty specks are formed on the exterior. In suitable conditions 

 of moisture, &c. these produce crops of spores in autumn and spring and 

 possibly also in summer. 



"Benikoji" Fungus.t — Y. Uyeda gives a detailed account of the 

 fungus used in the making of " Anchu," a Chinese fermented drink pre- 

 pared from rice in Formosa. Several fungi take part in the process, 

 but the chief agent of fermentation is a species of Honascus. In culti- 

 vation the fungus produces sporangia or asci, which become reddish in 

 colour, and which are surrounded by an envelope of loose hyphae. The 

 spores are elliptical or oval, and number from 20 to 40. 



Two types of conidia are also produced : macroconidia, which are 

 formed singly or in short chains on the ends of the hyphae : and micro- 

 conidia, which are much smaller and grow in chains. Intercalary gemmae 

 are also formed. The " Benikoji " is of a dark red colour, becoming 

 purple with age. Besides the Monascus fungus there are two kinds 

 of yeast formed. The one that most frequently occurs is produced by 

 the budding of the microconidia, and is near akin to Saccharomyces 

 rosaceus. The author considers that the " Benikoji " fungus is identical 

 with Monascus purpureas described by Went. 



New Uredinese.J — J. C. Arthur, of the Lafayette University, has 

 described several new rusts, all with one exception from the United 

 States. In one species, Uromyces Richer ianus, he found both the aecidia 

 and the teleutospores. In the others he found only the puccinia or 

 uredo forms. One species, Puccinia aspera, was described by Dietel and 

 Hoi way, and is published here for the first time. Uromyces Rottbcellise 

 was detected on herbarium specimens of Rottboellia speciosa collected in 

 India. It was found to possess amphispores and teleutospores. 



Uredinese Cultures. § — H. Klebahn gives the results of his experi- 

 ments on rusts, carried on in the Hamburg Botanical Gardens. He has 

 proved the relationship between three Melampsora species on willows 

 and poplars and the Cseoma species on Allium. With the spores of 



* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xx. (1902) pp. 195-200. 



f Bot. Mag. Tokyo, xv. (1901) pp. 160-3; and xvi. (1902) pp. 7-9 (1 pi.). 



I Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxix. (1902) pp. 227-31. 



§ Hedw., xli. (1902) pp. 17-44. 



