ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 467 



Melampsora Allii-fragilis collected on Salix fragilis he infected Allium 

 vineale, A. ursinum, and others, and got an abundant growth of the 

 Cseoma form. Melampsora Allii-Salicis nov. nom. (syn. M. Salicis albse) 

 was also transferred to similar species of Allium with a like result. 

 Melampsora Allii-populina sp. n. produced Cseoma spores on Allium 

 ascalonicum. 



A second series of experiments was made with the species of Melam- 

 psora of willows which form Gseoma spores on species of Bibes. Many 

 experiments were also successfully made with the Melampsora of the 

 larch, the uredo-forms of which are to be found on species of Salix or 

 Populus. The Cseoma spores of Mercurialis perennis produced a rich 

 growth of Melampsora on Populus tremula, with a slighter growth on 

 other species of Populus. Klebahn concludes that though fungi can be 

 induced to grow on allied species of the host-plant, their continuance 

 depends always on the chief host-plant. The paper is illustrated by 

 some figures in the text. 



West American Fungi.* — The fungi described by David Griffiths 

 belong with one exception (a species of Claviceps) to the Ustilaginese 

 and Uredineae. The paper is intended to supply additional information 

 to that contained on the labels distributed with the specimens. The 

 species described are mostly new. Ustilago Mulfordiana and Tilletia 

 fusca are rare in herbaria ; they are constantly found together on the 

 same host, Festuca ociojlora. The paper is illustrated by figures in the 

 text. 



Paraphyses of the Uredinese. | — The biological significance of 

 these paraphyses has been studied by P. Dietel. In form they are fre- 

 quently globose or club-shaped at the tips, and capable of retaining 

 moisture for some time. They thus act as a protecting covering for the 

 developing spores. The paper is illustrated by figures in the text. 



The Nidulariacese of North America.:}: — V. S. White has examined 

 a large amount of material of this group, and has revised the species so 

 far as they occur in North America. There are four genera — Cyathia, 

 Crucibulum, Nidula, and Granularia. He describes one new species of 

 Cyathia, which he has called C. dura, from the hard and brittle peri- 

 dium. The genus Crucibulum contains one species, the well-known 

 C. vulgare, which White records under an older specific name, C. cruci- 

 buliforme. Nidula is a new genus with two species, N. Candida and 

 N. microcarpa Peck sp. n. Granularia contains three species, two of 

 them, G. castanea and G. rudis, being new to science. A very full de- 

 scription is given of each plant, and there is a table of the distribution 

 in Canada, the States, and West Indies. The paper is fully illustrated. 



Lichens. — Lichens of Minnesota. § — Bruce Fink has studied the lichen 

 flora over a legion in Minnesota, including a great variety of substrata, and 

 varying greatly in moisture and other conditions. He gives a sketch of 

 the different hunting grounds, and divides the lichens into groups 

 according to their habitat. He notes the increase of lichens on the 



* Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxix. (1902) pp. 290-301. 



t Hedw., Beibl., xli. (1902) pp. 58-61. 



t Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. xxix. (1902) pp. 251-80 (5 pis.). 



§ Minn. Bot. Studies, ii. (1902) pp. 657-709. 



