558 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



should be absorbed in Bothrimonus. The author indicates that Bothri- 

 monus leads from the Cestodaria, on the one hand to the Bothriocepha- 

 loidse, on the other hand to the Cyathocephalidae. 



Unusual Human Parasite.* — F. Zschokke substantiates the occur- 

 rence of Hymenolepis (Drepanidotsenia) lanceolata Bloch as a parasite 

 in man. Two specimens from a boy of twelve years of age were 

 transmitted by Kiikenthal, from Breslau. It will be remembered 

 that this parasite is widely distributed in aquatic birds, e.g. in dueks 

 and geese, and that it is believed to cause epidemics among them. 

 The young stages occur in common Copepods — Cyclops scrrulatus and 

 Diaptomus spinosus, and might thus readily infect man from unsuitable 

 drinking-water. The author notes that Davainea madagascariensis 

 Lkt., a representative of another characteristically avian genus, also 

 occurs in man. 



New Distomids."f" — Th. Odhner gives a diagnosis of a proposed new 

 sub-family, Zoogoninae, including the genera Zoogonus Lss. and Zoo- 

 gonoides g. n. To the former the author adds the species Zoogonus 

 rubellus from Labrus berggylta ; the new genus is represented by 

 Zoogonoides viviparus from numerous flat-fishes. 



The second part of the paper discusses the flukes found in the 

 urinary bladder of fishes ; four new species of Phyllodistomum are de- 

 scribed, and a new genus and species is established for Lepidopliyllum 

 stcenstrupi from the cat-fish. 



Fasciolid Parasites of Birds.J — M. Braun has published a valuable 

 account of the flukes which occur in birds. It includes a description of 

 72 species, many of which are new. 



Fecampia.§ — M. Caullery and F. Mesnil describe F. erythrocephala, 

 which Giard discovered in 1886, — a Bhabdoccel parasitic in crabs and 

 hermit-crabs. They have found another species, F. xanthocephala, in 

 small specimens of Carcinns msenas and in Idotea neglecta. It may be 

 said that Fecampia represents the most degenerate type of Turbellarian ; 

 there is no mouth, no pharynx, no functional digestive apparatus, no 

 excretory system ; the gonads and their ducts exhibit the maximum 

 simplicity. When adult, the parasite leaves its host, secretes a cocoon, 

 and is sacrificed in the production of embryos, as Giard described. The 

 development, which is outlined, is not remarkably different from that 

 observed by Metchnikoff, Hallez, Ijima, and others, in various Triclads 

 and Rhabdoccels. After some free life, the larvsB penetrate into their 

 crustacean hosts, losing eye-spots, mouth, pharynx, &c, and exhibiting 

 an active proliferation of the mesenchyme. 



Nemertean Parasites of Crabs. || — W. B. Coe gives a diagnosis of a 

 new genus Carcinonemertes, and describes in particular G. epialti sp. n. 

 His observations lead on to the following general conclusions : — That 

 the nemerteans infesting crabs are distributed throughout the North 



• Zool. Anzeig., xxv. (1902) pp. 337-8. 



t Cenlralbl. Bakt., l te Abt., xxxi. (1902) pp. 5S-69 (3 figs.). 



% Zool. Jahrb., xvi. (1902) pp. 1-102 (8 pis.). 



§ Comptes Rendus, exxxiv! (1902) pp. 911-3. 



[I Amer. Nat., xxxvi. (1902) pp. 431-50 (9 figs.). 



