40 



LYCODIN.E. 



41,1 °o, the longitudinal diameter of the eye 3 — 4,4 °/o. The colour is uniform, brown 

 or grayish, without bands or spots'); the belly and posterior border of the gill-cover 

 darkish. The s'cales are small, relatively smaller than in the two foregoing forms and 

 h a \- e a somewhat wider distribution, as they extend from the end of the tail not 

 onl\- to near the base of the pectorals, but also to the neck ( sometimes however, a 

 bare strip occurs in the middle line of the back in front of the dorsal fin ), as well as 

 on the underside of the bell}', which is scaled a considerable portion in front of the 

 anus, often just to the tip or e \- e n to the root of the ventral fins; in m e d i u m - s i z e d 

 and adult individuals the scales spread out also on to the unpaired fins. The lateral 

 line is double, ventral and mediolat eral , most distinct in its course down towards 

 the anus. Pyloric appendages 2. The size reaches to 260mm. 



D. 96 — 97. A. Si — 82" P. 18 --20. 



Distribution. East from Iceland, 537 — 957 fathoms; north from the Fieroes, 

 679 fathoms; off the Shetland-Norway sSlope , 650 fathoms. 



AU 



Remarks on the Synonymy. 



L. pa/lidus was formed by R. Collett for two small Lycodes, taken bj' the Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 

 in 1S78, north-west from Spitzbergen at 260 — 459 fathoms depth. In iSSi — 82 the species was again taken in the Kara Sea 

 by the Dijniphna Expedition, according to Liitken, who described 11 specimens from there and figured some of them. 

 Later, the same author mentions a number of specimens, taken by the Ingolf Expedition of 1896 at S stations in the cold 

 water between the Faeroes, Iceland and Jan Mayen. Lastly, N. Knipowitsch has recentl}- described a specimen, taken by 

 a Russian expedition to Spitzbergeu. 



The species seems thus to have gradually gained recognition. In his latest treatise (o\\ L. gracilis) Prof. Collett has 

 meanwhile come to doubt how far L. pal/idiis (and its probable young stage L.rossi) is a good species, or if it possibly is 

 synonymous with L. gracilis M. Sars. 



The results my investigations have led to, are as follows: L. pallidus Collett is an independent species, which does 

 not show any near relation to i. rossi or to L. gracilis (=L.vah/ii). L. pallidus Lutken from the Kara Sea is identical with 

 CoUett's species, and the same holds for L. pallidus Knipowitsch. L. pallidus Lutken from the Ingolf Expedition belongs 

 likewise to the same species, but in certain regards displays a tolerably great amount of variation, and for some of the 

 specimens I have been led to form two separate varieties: similis (cf. p. 46) and squamiventer (p. 48). 



After these preliminar}' remarks had been written down, I have had the opportunity to examine an additional and 

 considerable number of specimens, especially from the Polar Depths and from the north-eastern Greenland; regard has also 

 been taken for these in my diagnosis, and thev are deserving of .special mention. 



Lycodes pallidus from the Ingolf Expedition. 

 Tab. IV, fig. I a, b, c, d, e. 



There are 11 specimens in all from the seas north of the Faeroes (St. 138) and Iceland 

 (St. 124, 126); the depths varied from 293 — 495 fathoms. 



I give below the most important measurements of these specimens: 



Total length 



Length of the head 



Distance from snout to anus. 

 Height over the anus 



iSt. 126 St i26!St. 126 



St. 138 St. 124 



St. 124 



53 



12,5 



21,5 



53.5 



13 



22 



4,5 i 



85 



35 



104 

 23 



41 



115 

 26 



45 



9.5 i io,S ' 



130 

 29 



53 

 13 



St. 138 St. i38St. 124 



St. isSist. 124 



i I ? 



133 

 32 

 54 

 14 



135 

 30 

 56 



13 



140 158 

 32 I 40 



58 66 



13 



16 



183 



41 



75 

 17.5 



') (Juite young individuals are certainly not known, but such is the condition in all the specimens to hand 

 whose total length is down to 117,5 """• 



