/ 



roRIFERA. I 



6i 



Rriiiarks. In these two species, hut especiall}' pronounced and in large nunihers in tlie latter, 

 some peculiar bodies are found; the\- are round, of a radiated structure, are refringent, and by a cer- 

 tain adjustment the>- show a darker part or appear to be possessed of a cavity, whicli fact, however, 

 I suppose to be due onI\- to the refraction. The radiated structure may be so pronounced as to continue 

 into tlie peripher\-, so that they appear to be spined. The\- ma\- reach a rather considerable size, and 

 \ar\- from 0014— 0-035'""'. I take these bodies to be cells storing some substance or other, and to be- 

 long to the category, called by Topsent cllitlrs spherulcuses>y\ I think them .so much the more to 

 be such cells, as we find a large number of round cells, filled with refringent granules, which quite 

 certainly correspond to the celhilcs splicrnlniscsi. Top.s., and between these latter and the former 

 transitions are found in the form of cells filled with granules, beginning to show the radiated structure; 

 the radiated form then is probably the full)- developed phase of the cell. 



3. Ph. irregulare n. sp. 



PI. \'I, Figs. 9-10. PI. XII, Fig. 10 a, b. 



The for III irrcgiildr . soiiirfiiiics li:iigtliriicd niid soiiit-ivliat cyliiidrk, but twisted and nodulous. 

 Only few fistuhr. Tlir surface siiiootli. Outeriiiost a thin, hard dermal layer zuith very close-set spicules 

 lying in. an irregular ivay, hut parallel Id the surface. The interior skeleton formed of irregularly scat- 

 tered spicules. Spongiii present, hut only to a small degree. .Spicula curved oxca ivith a short, stubby 

 apex, o-iyH — 0-2^""". 



Of this species we have four \er\' small specimens of a quite irregular form. The largest 

 specimen has a greatest extent of ca. 13"""; it appears to have been attached with one surface; it has 

 a quite irregular, twisted form, and shows marks of three broken off fistula;. The other specimens 

 are lengthened, somewhat nodulous and bent, of a length of ca. 10""", and each has had two or three 

 fistulse. The colour (in spirit) is \ellowish white. The consistenc\' is like that of the preceding species, 

 internalh' the sponge is very ca\'ernous. The surface is smooth, setting aside its nodules. Pores and 

 oscula : I have not observed pores in the dense-spiculed skin covering the body. As the fistulse have 

 been broken off, nothing can be said as to their having been open or closed; only a single fistula 

 appears to be whole, though not quite undamaged; it is quite short, and appears to have been closed 

 at the end, and it shows in its outermost part a particular structure, the close-set spicules of the skin 

 here Iving more openh', and passing into a somewhat netlike arrangement, and here pores are foimd. 

 The course of the canals I have not been able to e.xamine, but I suppose these pores to be excurrent 

 openings. 



The skeleton. Outermost is found a part formed as a dermal la\er, in wliich the spicules are 

 closely packed, considerably closer than in Ph. tuber. The spicules are l>'ing in e\-er\' direction, parallel 

 to the surface. The dermal layer is thin containing not much more than one layer of .spicules, and 

 the very highest thickness to which it reaches, is o-03""". As far as I have been able to decide by the 

 material in hand, the inner .skeleton, as in the preceding species, consists of irregularly scattered spi- 

 cules forming no fibres. As well in the skin as in the inner skeleton the spicules are united by a not 

 copious and very clear mass of spongin; in the close-spiculed dermal layer the spongin is found iu 



