ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 41 



Arthropoda. 



Arthropoda of British Coal Measures.* — Henry Woodward describes 

 two king-crabs, Bellinurus daldwinisp. n. and B. longicaudatus sp. n. ; 

 a scorpion, Eoscorpius (Mazonia) wardingleyi sp. n. : Geralinura mtcliffei, 

 sp. n. ; and discusses a representative of Anthracomartus Karsch. 



a. Insecta. 



Injurious Insects in Ireland.! — George H. Carpenter reports on 

 injurious insects observed in 1906 ; such as the sheep-louse (Trichodectes 

 sj)//trroce])haltis), in regard to which he recommends a second dipping 

 ten days after the first ; the long-horned barley-fly {Elachyptera cornuta) ; 

 the root-gall weevil (Ceuthorhynchus plewostigma) ; the cabbage-stem- 

 borer {Psylliodes chrysocepJtala) ; the mussel scale-insect (Jlytdasjns 

 pomoricm) ; the pine bark-beetle (Hylurgus piniperdd) : the willow-beetle 

 {Phgllodecta vulgatissima). 



Larch Shoot Moth 4 — R. Stewart MacDongall notes the occurrence 

 in Oxfordshire of Argyrestltia {Tinea) kevigatella, which has not yet 

 found a place on British lists. It attacks young larches, and a single 

 caterpillar can destroy a whole shoot. An account is given of the larvas, 

 pupa?, and adults, and of the life-history in general. The treatment 

 suggested is to break off the affected shoots and destroy them before 

 the escape of the moths. 



Grain Weevils.§— R. Stewart MacDougall discusses the external 

 appearance, life-history, and practical importance of Calandra granaria 

 and C. oryzce. The females lay one egg in each grain. The grub on 

 hatching feeds on the contents of the grain, and when full fed pupates 

 in the eaten-out hnsk. In favourable conditions the whole life-cycle 

 can be completed in a month. The Ccdandra weevils feign death on 

 being touched or shaken. They lie often for a considerable time 

 refusing to show any signs of life, though handled. Movement may be 

 induced by breathing on them. As remedial measures, fumigation with 

 bisulphide of carbon, sieving or screening the grain, and ventilating are 

 suggested. 



"&te v 



Life-history of Apanteles glomeratus.||--B. Matheson gives an 

 account of the life-history of Apanteles glomeratus, a parasite on the 

 caterpillars of the cabbage butterfly. Mating takes place ten or twelve 

 hours after emergence from the cocoon, and the females immediately go 

 in search of their hosts. The eggs are deposited just beneath the 

 epidermis of the latero-ventral region of the earlier stages of the Pieris 

 larvae, so that they are not affected by the moult. The eggs hatch in 

 three or four days, and the larvaa feed on the lymph and fatty tissue of 

 their hosts, avoiding the vital parts. They become mature during the 

 larval life of their hosts and cut their wav out through the skin. In 



"o' 



* Geol. Mag., iv. (1907) pp. 539-49 (5 figs.). 



t Economic Proc. Rov. Dublin Soc, i. (1907) pp. 421-52 (6 pis., 11 figs.). 



X Journ. Board Agric, xiv. (1907) pp. 395-9 (3 figs.). 



§ Tom. cit., pp. 412-15 (1 fig.). 



|| Canadian Entomologist, 1907, pp. 205-7. 



