82 SUMMAKY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



These diseases can be checked or cured by suitable spraying. Capno- 

 dium Footii and Splmrotheca Mali were found on the same plum-tree, 

 both of them leaf-fungi, the latter the more deadly of the two. 



An account is given of gooseberry " cluster-cup disease." * The 

 JEcidia going on the leaves and fruit, the uredo- and teleutospores on 

 sedges. The disease rarely assumes the proportions of an epidemic. 



L. Petri f has studied and described a malady of olives that has 

 been attacking the plants in Tuscany for two years. It appears as pale, 

 then reddish, yellow depressed spots on the fruit. He diagnosed the 

 fungus causing the spots as CyMndrosporium Olivce- sp. n., one of the 

 Melanconiaceae. Petri found that it was not a wound parasite, but that 

 the glands of the epicarp offer the points of attack. 



The same writer J describes a disease of pines due to the fungus 

 Cytosporella damnosa sp. n. It attacks the twigs, and the leaves above 

 the point of attack wither and die. The fruits of the fungus are deeply 

 imbedded in the cortex, and do not at first show any disturbance of the 

 bark. The cambial zone is destroyed by the mycelium, which also 

 invades the tracheides of the wood, and disturbs the transport of water 

 and salts to the apical regions. 



In a further paper L. Petri§ describes the galls produced on the 

 leaves of Azalea indica by Exobasidium indica. The extent of the 

 deformation of the leaves depends on their state of maturity, the later 

 the attack the less change takes place in the tissues. He describes the 

 infection and the course of the mycelium within the plant. The 

 principal change is the multiplication of the vascular elements, and still 

 more the great development of the parenchyma, the latter accounting 

 for the increase in size. 



H. M. Quanjer |] gives an account of various organisms that are 

 harmful to species of Brassica. He deals chiefly with insects, but he 

 also describes the mischief done by the fungus Phoma oleracea. In 

 the plants attacked, the wood-vessels became hard and filled with brown 

 gum. It has been proved that infection is not conveyed with the 

 seeds. Insects play a considerable part in carrying the spores. 



J. Behrens % renders a report of plant- diseases in Baden. Plums 

 suffered from the attacks of Monilia, the weather in spring having been 

 peculiarly favourable for the development of the fungus. The occur- 

 rence of rust and smut is also noted, though the harvest was not 

 seriously impaired. 



L. Mangin ** gives further information concerning the red disease 

 of pines in the Jura. Several of the microfungi found on the trees 

 have been satisfactorily proved to be saprophytes. There remain, 

 however, some that are parasitic and harmful. Among these Phoma 

 abietina and JEcidiiim elatinum are the most noteworthy, but none of 

 them are of any serious importance. 



* Journ. Board of Agric, pp. 428-9 (8 figs.). 

 + Ann. Mycol., v. (1907) pp. 320-5 (5 figs.). 



t Tom. cit., pp. 326-32 (1 pi ). § Tom. cit., pp. 341-7 (8 figs.). 



I, Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xvii. (1907) pp. 258-67. 



*§ Ber. Groszh. Bad. Landw. Vers. August (Karlsruhe, 1906) 109 pp. See also 

 Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xvii. (1907) pp. 270-1. 

 ** Comptes Rendus, cxlv. (1907) pp. 934-5. 



