574 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



discusses the development of these organs in Sepia, Loligo, Sepiola, . Ilex, 

 and Octopus. 



The chief results are the following. The oviduct of Myopsidse, and 

 probably of all dibranchiate Cephalopoda, is a constricted-off part of the 

 ccelom, and is therefore in close ontogenetic connection with the 

 gonadial cavity. The genital ducts of Myopsidse are in many respects 

 between those of Oigopsidai and Octopodas. In the series of genera 

 Loligo, Sepia, Rossm, Sepiola, there is a " differentiation-tendency " from 

 Oigopsid to Octopod characters. There is phylogenetic interest in the 

 fact that the oviducal gland of Myopsida? {Sepia, Loligo, Sepiola) has a 

 paired origin ; the unpaired nature of its duct must be secondary. 



Cephalopods from Sudanese Red Sea.* — W. E. Hoyle reports on 

 a collection made by Cyril Crossland. Of the nine species, four 

 (possibly five) also occur in the waters around Ceylon, and three at 

 Zanzibar. The most interesting point is the occurrence in the collection 

 of a complete specimen of Sepia lefebrei, which has hitherto been known 

 only from a single shell, described and figured seventy years ago by 

 d'Orbigny. 



/3. Gastropoda. 



Defensive Glands in Tectibranchs.f — Rerny Perrier and Henri 

 Fischer describe the minute structure of defensive pallial glands which 

 occur in various Tectibranchs. To these they have previously applied 

 the designation " Glands of Blochmaun," after the zoologist who first 

 noted analogous structures in Aplysiadas. The glands in question occur 

 in Bulla striata, Accra bullata, Aplysia depilans, Scaphander, and other 

 forms. They lie at the level of the pallial opening, and each consists of 

 a multicellular canal opening into the mantle cavity, and a muscular 

 calyx surrounding a large glandular cell. 



Physiological Action of Extract of Hypobranchial Gland of Dog 

 Whelk.} —Herbert E. Roaf and M. Nierenstein find that there is a 

 substance in the hypobranchial gland of Purpura lapillus which is allied 

 chemically and physiologically to adrenalin. 



Chitons from Red Sea and East Africa. § — E. R. Sykes reports 

 on a collection made by Cyril Crossland. It includes ten species, of 

 which two are new, Callistochiton crosslandi sp. n. and Acanthochites 

 nierstraszi sp. n. One feature of special interest in this collection is the 

 representation of the genus Cryptoplax from the shores of Eastern 

 Africa, the two species which occur, C. burrowi Smith and C. striatus 

 Lamarck, being previously known from Australia and Eastern Seas. 



8. Lamellibranchiata. 



Sense-organs of Cockles.|| — F. L. Weber discusses the two kinds 

 of sense-organs found in cockles. Thus Cardium edule has on the 



* Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) xxxi. (1907) pp. 35-43 (7 figs.). 



+ Comptes Rendus, cxlvi. (1908) pp. 1335-7. 



1 Journ. Physiol., xxxvi. (1907) pp. 1-4. 



§ Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) xxxi. (1907) pp. 31-4. 



i Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien. xvii. (1908) pp. 187-220 (2 pis.), 



