ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 801 



Lichens of Italy.* — J. Steiner publishes the lists of lichens collected 

 by J. Brunnthaler and 0. Porsch in Italy. He adds notes on the de- 

 velopment of the limestone Verrucariae and of the value of the oil-hyplne 

 as aids to diagnosis. He gives also a suggested grouping of Lecanora 

 subfusca. 



Morphology of Lichens.f — B. Kajanus publishes a series of observa- 

 tions on lichen vegetation as affected by the substratum, the proximity 

 to towns, etc. On decaying wood several species were found with 

 irregular thalli. Species are recorded from pebbles on the beach and 

 from glaciers. Variation of the thallus is noted in several genera and 

 species, notably in Ramalina calicaris. Notes are given on soredial 

 formation, etc., and on the dwarfing of species. 



Nature and Classification of Lichens.^: — Bruce Fink has canvassed 

 a considerable number of botanists as to their views on the classification 

 of lichens, and he now publishes tabulated results of the replies he has 

 received. Quotations are given from a number of the letters. 



Hebee, W. C. T. — The Gyrophoraceae of California. 



[Descriptions of species of Gyrophora and Umbilicaria] 



Gontr. U.S. Nat. Herb., xiii. (1911) pp. 313-21 (6 pis.). 



Howe, R. Heber — A Correction. 



[Pointing out a wrong record, with a description of Ephebc solida from 

 Mount Monadnock.] 



Bryologist, xiv. (1911) pp. 91-2. 



Olivier, H. — ]£tude synoptique et geographique des Lecides de la Flore d'Europe. 



(Synoptic and geographical study of European Lecideae.) 



Bull. Geogr. Bot., xxi. (1911) pp. 157-209. 



Savicz, V. P. — Interessante und neue Arten und Formen der Flechten im Gouv. 

 Novgorod 1910 gesammelt. 



[New and interesting species and forms of lichens collected in Novgorod.] 



Bull. Jard. Bot. St. Petersbourg, xi. (1911) 2, pp. 50-5 (fig.). 

 See also Bot. Centralbl., cxvii. (1911) p. 247. 



Mycetozoa. 



(By A. Lorrain Smith.) 



Myxomycetes from the Neighbourhood of Paris. § — R. Ledoux- 

 Lebard states that the study of Myxomycetes has been somewhat 

 neglected in France. He gives an historical account of the species noted 

 from Bulliard onwards. He remarks on the number of species known 

 and their geographical distribution. He then discusses their poly- 

 morphism and the questions of nomenclature, and proceeds to a full 

 description of the species found by him, sixteen of which are enumerated 

 belonging to the genera Geratiomyxa, Badhanua, and Physarum. The 

 list is to be continued. 



* Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, lxi. (1911) pp. 29-64. See also Bot. Centralbl., 

 cxvii. (1911) pp. 169-70. 



t Ark. Bot., x. n. 4, 47 pp. (2 pis.). See also Hedwigia, li. (1911) pp. 27-28. 



j Mycologia, iii. (1911) pp. 231-69. 



§ Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, xxvii. (1911) pp. 275-302. 



