7«.»8 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



A. Stift* has made an exhaustive study of the literature connected 

 with the various diseases of beet and potato, both insect, and fungoid, 

 with special reference to the best means of combating these diseases. 



('. E. Lewis t has made a study of apple-tree diseases by means of 

 cultural experiments. He finds that Coryneum foliicolum and Phoma 

 Mali cause disease of the wood of young apple-trees and of the branches 

 of older trees. These fungi are more actively parasitic than Coniothyrium 

 pirina. As wound-parasites, they attack young trees, where they do as 

 much damage as Sphseropsis malorum. Coryneum causes trouble only in 

 ripe apples • Phoma is more virulent, and can also attack green fruit. 

 Neither of the fungi attack uninjured leaves, but they may occur on the 

 dead spots of apple-leaves. The spread of the organisms can be checked 

 by burning the dead wood on which they occur. 



W. J. Morse and C. E. Lewis % have also investigated the diseases of 

 the apple in Maine : diseases of foliage, fruit, and wood, due to various 

 fungi, have been examined microscopically and by cultural methods. 

 The best methods of treating them are recommended and carefully 

 explained. 



At the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station § H. S. Fawcett has 

 specially studied diseases of peach trees. He records a stem rot of Citrus 

 trees due to a fungus not yet determined, and describes the condition of 

 Citrus trees afflicted with scaly bark. A silvered scurf on Citrus fruit 

 is also due to a fungus not yet identified. The fungi of scale insects 

 are also discussed. 



In a later communication Fawcett || takes up again the question of 

 scaly bark, which he finds to be due to Cladosporium herbarum var. 

 citricolum. He made many experiments, cultural and others, especially 

 for the purpose of checking the disease. He finds that the disease will 

 yield to Bordeaux mixture, and that pruning out the dead wood lessens 

 subsequent infection. A bibliography of papers on the subject of 

 Cladosporium herbarum is appended to the paper. 



R. Scbanderf has published an account of plant and animal 

 diseases in Posen and West Prussia. The potatoes suffered badly from 

 leaf-roll and from diseases due to bacteria. Advice is given to fruit 

 growers how to deal with Fusicladium, a fungus which attacks apples 

 and pears. 



Pathogenic Fungi.** — A. Sartory has demonstrated in several in- 

 stances the occurrence of Oospora causing more or less of disease in the 

 human organism. One species, 0. buccaJis, was found in the mouth of 

 the patient. The fungus was cultivated and details are given. In other 

 cases not only Oospora but also Endomyces was discovered ; the two 

 parasites being intimately associated. 



* Centralbl. Bakt.,xxx. (1911) pp. 579-613. 



t Marine Agric. Exper. Stat., Bull. No. 170 (1909) pp. 185-200 (13 pis.). 

 I Marine Agric. Exper. Stat., Bull. No. 185 (1910) pp. 337-92 (15 pis.). 

 § Rep. Florida Exper. Stat. (1910) lxv. pp. (20 figs.). 



|| Univ. Florida Agric. Exper. Stat., Bull. No. 106 (1911) 41 pp. (31 figs.). 

 i Mitt. k. Wilhelms Inst. Landw. Bromberg, ii. (1910) pp. 1-141 (1 pi. and figs.). 

 See also Bot. Centralbl., cxvii. (1911) pp. 224-5. 



•* Bull. Soc.Mycol. France, xxvii. (1911) pp. 160-71 (11 figs.). 



