794 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Contribution to the Study of Fumagines.* — G. Arnaud has just 

 published the second part of his study on these leaf-fungi. He considers 

 that the Capnodiaceae should be broken up and the species assigned to the 

 Sphasriaceae. He gives descriptions of species and the reason for their 

 transference. 



Cultures of Mixed Fungi.f — R. Harder has studied the effect on 

 pure cultures of fungi of adding other fungi to the substratum on which 

 they were growing. The influence was in many cases very marked : in 

 some cases it hastened the growth of both organisms, in others it checked 

 development (PenicilUum glaucum and Botrytis cinerea). When one or 

 the other gained the upper hand, the growth was more vigorous than 

 that of the pure cultures. It was found that the fungi differed greatly 

 in their sensitiveness to chemical and physical attraction, and also that 

 Hyphomycetes originated more active products of metabolism than the 

 Basidiornycetes. Other results were obtained and duly recorded. 



Notes on the Larger Fungi.J — P. Baccarini records the growth of 

 Dsedaha unkolor on Acer rubrum. The fungus is usually regarded as 

 a parasite, but in this instance it grew on a living tree and gradually 

 destroyed it. Baccarini describes the effect of the fungoid growth on 

 the woody tissues, and suggests that it may have gained entrance by a 

 wound, and then lived on and so destroyed the wood of the tree. 



Bresadola § publishes a series of notes on species of Gorticium, 

 Odontia, Peniophora, etc. He insists that Boletus fulvus Scop, is the 

 same fungus as Polyporus pomaceus Pers , and that the former specific 

 name should be retained. He describes a new genus, Jaapia, a member 

 of the Corticeas, with straw-coloured appendiculate spores. 



Development of Basidia.|] — HansKnief made cultures of A rmillaria 

 mellea and found that basidia arose from uninucleate hyphte, either ter- 

 minally or as side branches without any formation of pileus or gills. 

 These basidia can be recognized by their clavate form, rich contents, and 

 larger nucleus. The nucleus divides twice mitotically, and the different 

 division stages are described in detail. The resulting four nuclei each 

 have a small nucleolus. From the basidium, the sterigmata bud out to 

 form spores at the top into which a nucleus passes. The spore-* are 

 absolutely normal and similar to spores formed on the gills of the pileus. 

 Knief has compared the nuclear divisions throughout with those of the 

 pileus basidia, the nucleus of the latter differing in having arisen from 

 the copulation of two spores. He finds that the process is the same in 

 lioth cases. He discusses fully the significance of this. 



Spore-formation in Nidularia. If — Rob. Fries has followed the 

 various stages of nuclear division and finally of spore-formation in 



* Ann. Ecole Nat. Agric. Montpelier, ser. 2, x. (1911) pp. 211-30 (29 figs.). See 

 also Ann. Mycol., ix. (1911) p. 435. 



t Nat. Zeitschr. Land.-Forstw., ix. (1911) 34 pp. (2 pis.). See also Ami. Mycol., 

 ix. (1911) p. 443. 



X Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., 1911, pp. 100-4. 



§ Ann. Mycol., ix. (1911) pp. 425-8. 



II Zeitschr. Bot., iii. (1911) pp. 529-33 (2 pis.). 



1 Zeitschr. Bot., iii. (1911) pp. 145-65 (2 pis.). 



