ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 793 



phenomenon. He found, also, that sterile cells were formed by each row 

 in the secidium, and there could be no consideration of a trichogyne 

 formation. He does not think there is any comparison here with fer- 

 tilization in the Floridese. Occasionally there are no sterile cells formed, 

 and in any case they could only be looked on as " buffer " cells. 



New Smut in a New Genus of Grass.* — The new grass is Sarga 

 stipoidea Ewart and White, one of the group of Agrostidere ; the 

 fundus Ustilago Etvartii McAlp. 1). McAlpine recalls the statement 

 made recently by himself that — '•' In West Australia only those species (of 

 smut) are known which attack cultivated crops, and those occurring on 

 the native flora have yet to be discovered." The present new species is 

 therefore the first of its kind ; it approaches U. Tepperi Ludw., but differs 

 from that species in several characters. 



Bunt-spores in Meal, Bran, and Grain.t, — G. Bredeman has esti- 

 mated the percentage of Tilletia spores in these substances. He gives an 

 account of the manner in which the counting is done and the results 

 obtained. 



Studies of Hyphomycetes.J — P. Vuillemin defines more exactly the 

 genus Monilia. The chains of spores in this genus are formed by the 

 transformation of the cells of the hypha into globular spores. Some 

 species included in this genus by various authors have been placed in 

 Scopulariopsis owing to the different manner of conidial formation. 

 Descriptions are given of Acmosporium and Gatenularia, which are com- 

 pared with Monilia. 



A. Sartory and G. Bainier § publish a note on a species oiPenicilliiim 

 which grows as a yellow form on potato, carrot, etc., but when trans- 

 ferred to pepton media, such as soup or gelatin, becomes emerald- 

 green. They compare this change of colour with that noted in certain 

 bacteria that take a blue coloration in pepton cultures. 



The same authors || have published a note on the differential cha- 

 racters of PeniciUium, Aspergillus, and Citromyces, with special re- 

 ference to the last-named, which possesses the property of transforming 

 glucose into citric acid. They consider Citromyces morphologically con- 

 nected with both genera, resembling PeniciUium when young and 

 Aspergillus when mature. 



J. Boselllf made cultures of Aspergillus niger mould on artificial 

 solutions in order to test various growth-phenomena. He found that 

 the secretion of inulase was remarkably constant in all the solutions, and 

 that it diffused easily in the cultures. The optimum of acidity varies 

 with the temperature, being more feeble with a rise of temperature. 

 Other results were obtained and are recorded. 



* Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxxvi. (1911) pp. 45-6 (1 pi.). 

 t Landw. Versucb., lxxv. (1911) p. 135. See also Bot. Ceutralbl., cxvii. (1911) 

 pp. 142-3. 



% Bull Soc. Mycol. France, xxvii. (1911) pp. 137-52 (figs.). 



§ C.R. Soc. Biol., lxxi. (1911) p. 229-30. 



|| C.R. Soc. Biol., lxx. (1911) pp. 873-5. 



% Ann. Inst. Pasteur, xxv. (1911) pp. G94-701. 



