ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 65 



Acrogynae are shown as allied to Fossombromia through Lophozia, from 

 which can be traced three main lines : — (1) Direct through Sphenolobus 

 to the Scapaniaceas and on to Kadulaceas, Porellaceae and Lejeuneacese, 

 the Pleuroziaceaa being a lateral offshoot. (2) A second line leads 

 through Plagiochila, Lophocolea, etc., to Cephaloziaceas, and through 

 Lepidozia to Ptilidiaceae. (3) A third line leads through Marsupella to 

 Southbya and other marsupial genera. A bibliography of eighty-five 

 items is, appended to the paper. 



Parallelism and Convergence of Moss-pedigrees.* — T. Herzog 

 discusses parallelism and convergence in the pedigrees of the mosses. 

 There are three main groups — Sphagnales, Andreasales, Bryales — which 

 have nothing whatever to do with one another. The Bryales include 

 the vast majority of the mosses, and they contain a number of parallel 

 and distinct lines of development, the apical members of which show an 

 apparent systematic unity. Some of these lines or families, for example, 

 the Orthotrichaceag, Bryaceae, Bartramiaceae, Polytrichacea?, etc., are 

 evidently distinct from one another. But two of the larger groups are 

 so alike in their systematic characters as to appear almost of the same 

 descent : the first group includes the families Dicranacere and Leuco- 

 bryaceaa, and the second includes the Hypnacese, now divided up intc 

 several families. He then proceeds to describe the lines of development 

 of these two groups and their points of convergence and similarity. 



Bryological Notes. f — V. Schiffner continues his notes on bryological 

 subjects. (62) Frullania explicate Mont, is identical with F. apiculala 

 Dum, according to Stephani ; but in that case Montagne's description is 

 at fault. Schiffner does not, however, consider that two species are 

 mixed in the type material. The species is probably a variable one ; and 

 he describes a form from Samoa as F. apiculata var. explicate, to which 

 he refers as a synonym F. oceanica Mitt, in Seemann's Flora Vitiensis. 

 (63) F. saxicola and F. cleisto stoma, the latter a European species, and 

 the former from North America — these are very nearly allied to one 

 another, but probably are distinct, and the more so because of their 

 widely separated habitats. (64) Riccia glaucescens, its synonyms and 

 allies, are discussed at some length ; and the views of various authors are 

 criticized. It is identical with R. Lescuriana, but not with R. Michelii. 

 The presence or absence of marginal cilia is not a character of specific 

 value. (65) Leskea laxiramea is recorded from North Persia. 



Andreseacese.J — G. Both begins a series of descriptions of extra- 

 European mosses, announcing that Vol. I. will contain the Andreaeaceaj, 

 Archidiaceae, Cleistocarpae, and Trematodonteae. The first part, now 

 issued, is piven up almost entirely to Andresea, 102 species of which 

 are described. Every species is figured ; and a key to the species is 

 provided. 



Protolindsaya and other Bornean Ferns.§ — E. B. Copeland pub- 

 lishes some additions to the Bornean fern flora, namely, twelve species 



* Hedwigia, 1. (1910) pp. 86-99. 

 t Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. Is., (1910) pp. 431-6. 



X Die aussereuropaischen Laubmoose, Dresden : Heinrich, 1910, Band I. pp. 

 1-96 (8 pis.). § Philippine Journ. of Sci., Bot., v. (1910) pp. 283-5. 



Feb. loth, 1911 F 



