ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 765 



Pennatulacea.* — W. Kiikentha] and JIj. Broch have produced a 

 magnificent report on the ' Valdivia' Pennatulids, which is also a great 

 contribution to our knowledge of the order. For the authors have com- 

 pared the ' Valdivia ' material with that from other sources, and deal 

 with 84 species in 25 genera. There are 15 new species in the ' Valdivia ' 

 collection. 



The system established by the authors is as follows : — 

 I. Pennatulacea radiata : — 



Lituaria, Cavernulina, Policella, Veretillum, Cavernularia, 

 Actinoptilum, Eehinoptilum. 

 II. Pennatulacea foliata : — 

 lien ill a. 



III. Pennatulacea bilateralia : — 



Mesobelemnon, Sderobelem/wn, Kophoielemnon, Anthoptilum, 

 Funkulina, Protoptilum, Distichoptilum, Stachyptilum. 



IV. Pennatulacea verticillata : — 



Galibelemnon, ScleropUlum, Amphiacme, Chunella, Umbellula. 

 V. Pennatulacea penniformia : — 



Pavonaria, Acanthoptilum, Scytalium, Scytaliopsis, StyJatula, 

 Virgulanu, Pennatula, Leioptilum, Pteroeides, Struthiopteron, 

 Sarcophyllum, Gyrophyllum . 



Epizoic Hydroid on Crab.f — W. T. Caiman found a gymnoblastic 

 hydroid, allied to Stylactis, attached like a tassel to the " knee " of each 

 of the legs of a crab, Xanthias haswelli (Miers) (= Medseus hasivelli 

 Miers) from Christmas Island. The hydroid is disposed symmetrically 

 with regard to the crab, and the type-specimens of the species to which 

 the crab belongs, although coming from a distant locality, are found to 

 carry colonies of a closely similar, perhaps identical species of hydroid. 

 The polyps occur as follows — two on the carpus and one on the propodus 

 of the cheliped, and one on the carpus of each walking leg. Two other 

 small polyps are unsymmetrical. The hydrorhiza follows the inter- 

 regional grooves of the dorsal surface of the carapace. 



Siboga Plumularids.J — A. Billard gives a preliminary account of 

 new species of Plumularia (15) and Cladocarpus (2) collected by the 

 ' Siboga ' expedition. 



Polarity in Tubularia.§— Max A V. Morse cutoff pieces of Tubular in 

 crocea and rotated them in a centrifuge at the rate of 240-600 rotations 

 per minute, for periods varying from a minute to half an hour. 



When the pieces regenerated, lying horizontally in finger-bowls, the 

 hydranth appeared at the original distal end, regardless as to whether 

 the distal or proximal end of the stem had been directed centrifugally or 

 centripetallv in the experiment, and regardless of the fact that, as in the 

 higher speeds, the contents of the perisarc tube were compressed into 



* Wissensch. Ergebnisse deutsch. Tieffsee Exped., xiii. Heft 2 (1911) pp. 113- 

 576(17 pis., 17 maps, and 295 figs.). 



t Ann. Nat. Hist., viii. (1911) pp. 54G-50 (2 figs.). 



X Arch. Zool. Exper., viii. (1911) Notes et Revue, No. 3, pp. Ixii.-lxxii. (16 figs.). 



§ Proc. Zool. Exper. Biol, and Medicine, viii. (1910) pp. 29-30. 



Dec. 20th, 1911 :; D 



