80 SUMMARY OF CURRENT KESEARCTIES RELATING TO 



The same author * has been stating his views on the classification 

 and consequent nomenclature of rusts. The pycnidia and spermatid 

 he looks on as con i dial forms ; the other spore forms are sexual and 

 arise after cell-fusion. 



Ed. Fischer f has conducted a series of experiments with the teleuto- 

 spores of a Gymnosporangium, which he collected on Juniper trees in 

 the Jura. The Roestelia form grew on Amelanchier and not on Sorbus. 

 so he found that he was really dealing with a different species, G. Ame- 

 lanchieris, the JScidia of which had been discovered by De Candolle on 

 Amelanchier. Other interesting observations were made in the course 

 of the culture experiment, and are fully described ; a good bibliography 

 is appended to the paper. 



The same author % has also published a review of Uredine experi- 

 ments undertaken during 1908. Arthur in America, Mtiller, Boch and 

 others in Europe, have helped to advance our knowledge of this branch 

 of mycology. In the experiments, details of which are published by 

 their authors, too much emphasis is placed, Fischer considers, on 

 negative results, and he quotes with approval Magnin's statement in a 

 preface to Hariot's " Uredineas " that it may be purely ignorance of 

 conditions that has caused the particular failure. Many of the experi- 

 ments tend to split up species : others, such as Boch's on Puccinia 

 Gentianse, unite a great many forms under one. A full bibliography of 

 papers cited is added. 



In a paper § on the parasitic fungi of Liguria, P. Magnus publishes 

 notes on a Uredine of Euphorbia spinosa. A form was found in Syria 

 by Haussknecht, on E. thamnoides, and Magnus considered the Ligurian 

 species to be the same. He now determines it as Uromyces excavatus, 

 the typical form of which grows on E. verrucosa. The teleutospores 

 appear within the ^Ecidium-cn\). 



C. V. Tubeuf || remarks on the rarity of finding Uredineas on pine- 

 needles. He explains this by the fact that infection as a rule takes 

 place in leaves through the stomata, and as these are closed by wax in 

 Coniferae, the germinating tube of ascidiospores fails to gain entrance. 



Rusts of Cereals.^" — F. Zach publishes the results of careful research 

 on rusted plants, undertaken to examine the ultimate effects of the 

 parasite on the host's cells, and incidentally to throw light on Eriksson's 

 mycoplasma theory. He describes in detail the changes that occur in. 

 the plasma and nucleus after penetration of the cell by the haustoria of 

 the fungus. He declares against the mycoplasma theory, and decides 

 that the spread of the fungus is always due to new infection. The 

 seeds of badly rusted cereals may produce a perfectly healthy and 

 vigorous progeny. 



* Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., xxv. (1910) 8 pp. See also Ann. Mycol., viii. (1910) 

 p. 572. t Zeitschr. Bot., i. (1909) pp. 683-714 (8 figs). ' 



X Tom. cit., pp. 284-7. 



§ Mitteil. Thiiring. Bot. Ver., xxvii. Heft. (1910) pp. 50-1. See also Bot. Cen- 

 tralbl., cxiv. (1910) p. 591. 



j| Naturw. Forst. Landw., viii. (1910) pp. 346-9. See also Bot. Centralbl., cxiv. 

 (1910) p 593. 



f SB. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat. Kl., cxix. (1910) pp. 307-30 (2 pis.). 



