ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 213 



occur united in chains by elongated filiform pseudopodia, recalling 

 Labyrinthulids. The new geuus seems to be allied to Syndinium, a 

 plasmodial Dinoflagellate also found in pelagic Copepods. 



Astomatous Infusorians.* — C. Cepede gives a beautiful illustrated 

 account of the mouthless parasitic Infusorians which occur in most types 

 of animals in the alimentary canal, the gastrovascular cavity, the coelome, 

 the liver, the mantle-cavity, the uterus, and the gonads. Numerous new 

 genera are established : Kofoidella, Intoshellina, Maupasella, Anoplopkrya, 

 Schultzellina, Perezella, Isselina ; and ten families are recognized. The 

 action of these Infusorians on their hosts is carefully discussed, including 

 parasitic castration and teratogeny. 



The group is heterogeneous and due to convergence, in adaptation 

 to parasitism, from several distinct stocks of Ciliata. The author ha* 

 especially studied the process of division and the developmental cycle in 

 Orchitophrya stellar am. 



Studies on Trypanosomes. — C. Mathisf and M. Leger discuss 

 Trypanosoma clarise Montel found in the blood of Clarias macrocephalus, 

 a common Silurid fish in Cochin-China. It does not seem to be patho- 

 genic. In the same fish they found J a common form of Trypanoplasma f 

 which they provisionally rank as Trypanosoma clarise. It is apparently 

 the first record of a species of Trypanoplasma from a Silurid. 



Cnidosporidia.§ — M. Auerbach has done a useful piece of work in 

 presenting a monographic account of Myxosporidia, Actinomyxidia, and 

 Microsporidia, which he unites, following Doflein, in the order Cnido- 

 sporidia. The spores are enclosed in multivalve shells, which arise in 

 the sporoblast from special cells. Inside the spores there is a variable 

 number of pole-capsules with a rolled-up thread. The monograph 

 includes a general introduction, a morphological account of the 

 vegetative forms and spores, an cecological chapter dealing with the 

 parasitism, a discussion of the life-histories, a systematic chapter, and an 

 account of the literature. 



Selenococcidium and the Relationships of the Sporozoa.|| — 

 L. Leger and 0. Duboscq discuss, Selenococcidium intermedium, which 

 they found in the lobster in 1908, and which has the particular interest 

 of uniting characters of Coccidians and Schizogregarines. They give 

 an account of the life-history, and discuss its relations. They also 

 describe from the lobster Toxocystis homari g. et sp. n., which seems 

 always present in the posterior intestinal ca3cum, sometimes as an intra- 

 cellular, sometimes as an extra-cellular parasite. Its position is doubtful. 

 The authors divide Sporozoa into four classes : — (1) Sporozoa sensu 

 stricto (Gregarines, Coccidians, etc.) ; (2) Cnidosporidia ; (3) Flagellates 

 (Cercomonads, Plasmodids, Bodonids, etc.) ; and (4) Haplosporidia. 

 They also give an interesting tentative genealogical tree. 



* Arch. Zool. Exp^r., iii. (1910) pp. 341-609 (9 pis.), 

 t C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxix. (1910) pp. 349-51. 

 J Tom. cit., pp. 351-3. 



§ Die Cnidosporidien. Eine Monographische Studie : Leipzig, 1910, 261 pp. 

 (83 figs.). || Arch. Zool. Exper., v. (1910) pp. 187-233 (2 pis. arid 7 figs.). 



