ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 401 



Apothecial Development in Anaptychia and Physcia.* — Arth. 

 Wahlberg publishes notes of his examination of the fruit-development 

 in these two genera. 1. The trichogynes have no mechanical purpose. 

 2. The ascogenous hyphae and the paraphyses are undoubtedly con- 

 nected in Anaptychia ciliaris, A. leucomekena, and in Physcia pulveru- 

 lenta var. deter sa ; probably also in other species, though the proof is 

 not so convincing in these. 3. The paraphyses are at first in connexion 

 with the upper cortical layer, becoming free later. 4. The principal 

 new formation of paraphyses is probably from the parathecium. 



Hambleton, J. C. — A List of the Lichens of Ohio. 



[Compiled chiefly from the collection in the State Herbarium at the Ohio 

 State University.] Ohio Naturalist, x. (1911) pp. 41-3. 



Lynge, Bernt— De Norske busk- og bladlaver. (Norwegian leafy and shrubby 

 lichens.) Bcrgenc Museums Aarbog 1910 (No. 9), 122 pp. (7 pis.). 



Mycetozoa. 



(By A. Lorrain Smith.) 



Distribution of Mycetozoa in the South Midlands.! — J- Saunders 

 has prepared lists of species with exact localities in Hertfordshire, Bedford- 

 shire, Buckinghamshire, Middlesex, and Essex. The records for Middle- 

 sex are fewest in number. Hampstead Heath and Highgate Woods are 

 now so open to the public that few species are to be found in them. 

 Most of those recorded are from Cannons Park, near Edgware. The 

 highest record is for Bedfordshire, 104 ; and only four species are absent 

 from the list for that county that have been recorded in the others 

 mentioned. 



Spongospora subterranean — T. G. B. Osborn publishes a preliminary 

 note on the development of this organism, which causes powdery or corky 

 scab of potatoes. It is first apparent as a uninucleate amoeba, just below 

 the surface of the tuber, which increases in size, the nucleus dividing by a 

 method of amitosis. The amoeba itself divides by fusion, and occupies 

 new host-cells as these divide ; finally a plasmodium is formed. Nuclear 

 division was observed, and is described, as well as spore formation. The 

 writer concludes that his observations prove the relationship of Spongo- 

 spora with Sorosphsera and Plasmodiophora. He also Avas able to prove 

 that the nuclear fusion and subsequent divisions resemble in a striking 

 manner those described in Arcyria and Trichia. 



A. S. Horne§ has also been working at Spongospora. He gives 

 further details about the formation of the plasmodium. The amoeboid 

 bodies become approximated and grouped about the nucleus of the host- 

 cell, so that the condition is somewhat similar to the pseudo-plasmodium 

 of the Acrasiere. The pseudo-plasmodium becomes converted into a 

 single spongy spore-ball — not hollow, as has been stated by a previous 

 observer. Encysted individuals or groups of individuals may be found, 

 which are similar to the microcysts of other Myxomycetes. 



'• Fbrh. Nordisk. Naturf.-och Lak., xvi. 7 Helsingfors (1903) pp. 35-6. 



"t Trans. Hertford Nat. Hist. Soc, xiv. (1911) pp. 179-88.] 



J Ann. Bot., xxv. (1911) p. 271. 



§ Tom. cit., p. 272. 



