ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 459 



branches and the fundamental plexuses, the ganglia and their position, 

 the innervation of the truncus arteriosus in Reptiles, the secondary 

 plexuses and networks, the networks surrounding the muscular elements, 

 and the intimate innervation of the myocardium. 



C. General. 



Morphology of the Vertebrates.* — L. Vialleton has produced an 

 interesting introduction to the study of the morphology of the Verte- 

 brata, which has some new features. It begins with the fundamental 

 embryological data as to the germinal layers, and the establishment of 

 the main Vertebrate characters. The second section deals with each 

 system of the body in turn, discussing it from the comparative and from 

 the embryological point of view. Then follows a systematic survey of 

 the Vertebrate phylum and a score of careful schemata summing up the 

 facts of distribution in time, and indicating probable affinities. The 

 concluding section deals with the evolution of Vertebrates analytically 

 in the light of palasontological and embryological data. 



Pigmentation of the Nervous Lobe of the Hypophysis. ] — Ch. 

 Livon and Peyron find that neuroglial elements in the neuro-hypophysis 

 elaborate pigment-granules at the expense of the products of the 

 glandular lobe. The colloid substance made by the glandular lobe may 

 pass directly into the vessels of the glandular lobe or into those of the 

 nervous lobe. The pigment is distinct from ferric pigments and lipo- 

 chromes, but it is uncertain whether it should be regarded as a product 

 of assimilation or of dis-assimilation. 



Pelvic Bones of some Cetacea.J — Einar Lonnberg describes and 

 figures a number of cases — Baleena austral is, Balsenoptera quoyi, B. 

 intermedia, Physeter catodon, and Globicephalus melas. The first of 

 these shows ilium, ischium, and pubis, a large femur, the remains of an 

 acetabular cavity, and a rudiment of a tibia. In connexion with the 

 Caa'ing whale, the author gives an interesting sketch showing how the 

 crura penis are attached to the pelvic rudiment by means of a capsule 

 with a network of connective tissue. 



Natural Immunity of White Mice to Trypanosoma lewisi. § — 

 D. Roudsky finds that inoculations of white mice with this trypanosome 

 are ineffective. There is a vigorous leucocytosis and a very exceptional 

 transient presence of trypanosomes in the circulation. 



Physiology of Sleep. || — R. Legendre and H. Pieron have made 

 experiments, extending over many years, on the results of prolonged 

 enforced insomnia in dogs. They conclude that after prolonged 

 insomnia, the cerebral plasma, the blood, and the cephalo-rachidian 

 fluid have a hypnotoxic property, which disappears on heating to 65°. 

 Injection into another animal provokes strong somnolence and cellular 

 changes in the brain. 





* Elements de Morphologie des Vertebres. Paris (1911) xiv. and 790 pp. 

 (304 figs.). f C.R. Soc. Biol., lxx. (1911) pp. 730-2. 



X Archiv Zool., vii. (1911) No. 10, pp. 1-15 (12 figs.). 

 § C.R. Soc. Biol., lxx. (1911) pp. 693-4. 

 || Comptes Rendus, clii. (1911) pp. 45G-8. 



