1:66 SUMMARY OF CUBRBNT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



indicative of the profound change of climate that has ensued within 

 geologically recent times. The exquisite preservation of the specimen 

 leads the author to suggest that some method should be devised by 

 enshrining in a similar way in balsam or other resin the type-specimens 

 of recent species of insects. 



New Palaeozoic Insects.* — Anton Handlirsch describes numerous 

 new genera, chiefly Blattoid in character, and establishes a new order 

 Sypharopteroidea for Sypharoptera pneuma g. et sp. n. This fossil some- 

 what resembles certain Megasecoptera, and has also some resemblance to 

 Ephemeroidea. But it cannot be placed in any known order, and 

 evidently represents an offshoot of the Palaeodictyoptera without any 

 extant descendants. 



Injurious Insects.f — E. P. Felt deals with a large number of injurious 

 insects — codling moth, juniper webworm, large aphid spruce ball, ash 

 psylla, and so on. He gives a description of one of the gall-midges, 

 Miastor americana Felt, and the remarkable pedogenesis that is exhibited. 



7- Prototracheata. 



Jamaica Peripatus. J — B. A. Andrews discusses the distribution of 

 Peripatus in Jamaica. There seem to be two species— Peripatus jamai- 

 censis Cockerell and Grobhamand P.juliformis var. su-ainsonse Cockerell. 

 " While apparently only some 120 specimens of Peripatus have ever been 

 seen in Jamaica, and all but eight or so of these from the region of 

 Bath, it may well be that Peripatus exists in relatively large numbers 

 throughout the entire length of Jamaica wherever the conditions are not 

 inimical, since its nocturnal habits and slow moving, concealed existence, 

 would make it difficult to observe, even if it did not prefer the chaos of 

 irregular stones underlying the dense growths of the forests." 



5. Arachnida. 



Development of Tetrapneumones.§ — Ludmila and Wladimir Schim- 

 kewitsch have studied the early stages in the development of Ischiiocolus, 

 one of the Tetrapneumones. Their results differ considerably from those 

 of Kautzsch. There is on the germinal disc a gastral depression which 

 recalls in its shape that of Pedipalpi rather than that of Dipneumones. 

 In the inner layer of cells in the blastoderm there is a very early differ- 

 entiation of endoderm cells. The yolk-cells are formed by an insinuation 

 of blastoderm cells, by contributions from the mesoderm cells of the 

 cumulus, and by contributions from the mesoderm of the germinal disc. 

 In the formation of segments, the head-lobe gives rise to that bearing 

 the chelicerse, and still earlier (according to Kautzsch) to that bearing 

 the pedipalps. 



In a subsequent paper|| the formation of the body is discussed. In 

 general the development of Ischnocolus agrees with that of the older 



* Amer. Journ. Sci., xxxi. (1911) pp. 353-77 (32 figs.). 



t New York State Museum, Bull. 147 (1911) pp. 1-180 (35 pis.). 



\ Johns Hopkins Univ. Circular, No. 2 (1911) pp. 51-5. 



§ Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, vi. (1911) pp. 637-54 (2 pis. and 22 figs.). 



|| Op. cit., ix. (1911) pp. G85-706 (1 pi. and 24 figs.). 



