ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 361 



(Lumbricus herculeus), which showed either no clitellum or a, poorly- 

 developed one, small seminal vesicles without sperms or more or less 

 normal seminal vesicles with chiefly immature sperm-cells, empty sper- 

 mathecae, and normal ovaries. The cytophores and the spermatocytes 

 themselves were crowded with minute spherical bacteria in active move- 

 ment. Amoebocytes were conspicuous in the seminal vesicles, and were 

 crowded with ingested and now motionless individuals of the bacterium 

 in question. That these bacteria are a serious and constant enemy of 

 the earthworm seems to be shown by the comparative frequency with 

 which worms devoid of clitellum and normal sperm occur, and also by 

 observations upon earthworms found travelling over the surface of paths 

 after rain. 



Extra-enteric Aperture in a Leech.* — L. Johannson describes in 

 an African leech, Salifa perspicax Blanch., a dorsal opening between the 

 fourth and fifth ring of the thirteenth segment. It occurred in all the 

 specimens examined, and was as large as the male aperture. In 1892 

 Horst noted a similar aperture in a species of Nephelis from Sumatra, 

 but did not regard it as normal. 



Nematohelminth.es. 



Ascarids of Carnivores.t — A. Railliet and A. Henry recognize two 

 genera — Belascaris Leiper, including B. mystax, B. marginata, B. vulpis 

 and B. maseulior sp. n. ; and Toxascaris Leiper, including T. Uonina, 

 T. limbata sp. n., and T. mkroptera. They have gone into the question 

 of synonymy and revised the characters of the previously described 

 species. 



Anguillulidse of the White Slime of 0aks4 — J. G. de Man has 

 inquired into the Anguillulidas which are found in the white flow that 

 comes from diseased oaks in summer (June-August). The flow is 

 associated with fungi which cause alcoholic fermentation and subsequent 

 acetic fermentation. In this there is found what must be regarded as a 

 free-living variety (var. dryopMla) of Anguillula aceti (Mtiller). This is 

 the first recognition of a free-living form of this well-known species. 

 Besides this, however, the author recognizes an equally abundant new 

 species which he calls A. ludwigii. There is some discussion of the dis- 

 tinctive features of the genus Anguillula. 



Microfilariae in Tonkin Birds. §— C. Matins and M. Leger report on 

 the Microfilarias in the blood of a quail, a marabout stork, and two 

 Chinese Passerine birds (Garrulax persp&illatus and Gopsychus saularis). 



All were young forms, but apparently new species. 



Platyhelminthes. 



Life-cycle of Dicrocoelium lanceatum.|| — B. Zarnik describes the 

 cercarise of the Trematode which is otherwise known as Distomum 



* Zool. Anzeig., xxxvi. (1910) pp. 405-8 (3 figs.), 



t C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxx. (1911) pp. 12-15. 



j Zool. Jahrb., xxix. (1910) pp. 359-94 (3 pis.). 



§ C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxx. (1911) pp. 60-62 (1 fig.). 



| SB. Phys. Med. Ges. Wurzburg (1910) pp. 27-31 (I fig.). 



