ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 511 



usually between two cells. In Chrysomyxa Abietis the mycelium winters 

 in the needles, and forms new teleutospore sori early in the year ; these 

 spores reinfect other newly-formed needles. 



W. Tranzschel* has recorded the results of his infection experiments 

 with Uivedineas. Among other interesting facts, he states that Puccini" 

 Eriophori forms aecidia on Ligularia sibirica and Senecio paluster ; Puc- 

 cinia lif oralis on Juncus Gerardi forms fecidia on various species of 

 Sonchus, and Puccinia Maydis develops pycnidia and aecidia on Oxalis. 



A. D. Selby f reports the appearance of the blister-rust of white pine, 

 Peridermium Strobi, in the United States. It is a stage of the blister- 

 rust of currants and gooseberries, and has been well known for some 

 time in Europe, particularly on American white pine. The occurrence 

 has been traced to plants imported from Germany via France. Efforts 

 are being made to check the disease from spreading. 



W. P. Fraser % records the results of a series of cultures of hetercecious 

 rusts on plants in Nova Scotia. He succeeded in connecting Melampsor- 

 opsis Gassandrse Arthur on Picea with the teleutospore stage on the 

 bog -plant Chamsedaphne. Melampsoropsis Abietina, also on Picea, pro- 

 duced uredospores and teleutospcres on Ledum grcenlctndicam. Several 

 other species were more or less experimented with, and the different 

 stages in the life-history almost certainly proved. 



P. Dietel§ contributes a study as to the geographical distribution of 

 the genera Uromyces and P actinia, based on Sydow's Monographia Ure- 

 dinearum. He finds in the two hemispheres 16 p.c. of Paccinise common 

 to both ; for Uromyces only 10 p.c. He considers that the number of 

 species introduced by man is so small as to be negligible in such an 

 enumeration. In Australia he finds that about 70 p.c. of the Paccinise 

 are endemic, and 30 p.c. of Uromyces species. 



Mikio Kasai|| has published an account of the genus Phragmidium 

 in Japan, forming the third part of the " Contributions to the Myco- 

 logical Flora" of that country. He lists 17 species: 1 on Potmtilla, 

 6 on Rosa, 9 on Rubus, and 1 on Sanguisorba. Three species are new. 



Th. Lindfors^T records two new species of Uredines, Geeoma Violas 

 and G. cernuse (on Saxifraga cemua), in Sweden, also Puccinia albulensis 

 (on Veronica alpind), new to that country. He further states that the 

 spores of P. dovrensis are seen to be warted under a very high magnifi- 

 cation. 



Germination of Ustilago Spores.** — H. Zimmerman employed for 

 experiment ears of barley infected with Ustilago H'ordei grown in 1907. 

 He inoculated different kinds of barley during the following years, and 

 publishes the names of the resisting varieties. The spores were capable 

 of germination and of infecting fresh crops for a period of three years. 



* Trav. Musee Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, vii. (1910) pp. 1-19. See also 

 Pot. Centralbl., cxvi. (1911) pp. 152-3. 



t Ohio Naturalist, xi. (1911) pp. 285-6. 



j Mycologia, iii. (1911) pp. 67-74. § Ann. Mycol., ix. (1911) pp. 160-5. 



|| Trans. Supporo Nat. Hist. Soc, iii. (1910) pp. 27-51 (1 pi.). See also Ann. 

 Mycol., ix. (1911) pp. 194-5. 



% Srensk. Bot. Tidskr., iv. (1910) pp. 197-202. See also Bot. Centralbl., cxvi. 

 (1911) p. 569. ** Zeitscbr. Prlanzenkr., xxi. (1911) pp. 131-3. 



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