ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 515 



T. H. Johnston * records a severe attack by Monilia fructigena on 

 peaches, plums, apricots, cherries, apples and pears. The outbreak was 

 favoured by moist warm weather. 



P. Magnus f found canker-like swellings on the stems or leaf -stalks 

 of a species of Zizyphus in the Transvaal caused by a fungus. The 

 mycelium is intercellular and forms haustoria, which pierce the cells 

 and forms on the surface many-celled conidia. The fungus is one of 

 the Mucedinea3 Dictyo3poreae and has been named by Magnus Hyalo- 

 dema Evansii g. etsp. n. 



I. Miyatre J has examined the rice plants of Japan, and has discovered 

 a large number of fungi causing more or less serious diseases. Many or 

 most of them are new species belonging to the Pyrenomycetes, or to the 

 Fungi imperfecti. 



E. J. Butler § describes Taphrina maculans sp. n., common on tur- 

 meric {Curcuma longa) in the Bombay Presidency. The fungus forms 

 spots on both sides of the leaf, though these are generally more nu- 

 merous on the upper surface ; they do not cause any distortion. It is 

 remarkable for the large haustoria, which are found chiefly in the cells 

 of the epidermis and hypodermis of the host ; they are formed of densely 

 intertwisted hyphae, which arise from a common stem and ultimately 

 form a solid body. The fungus does not destroy, but seriously injures 

 the leaves and weakens the vitality of the whole plant. 



In a leaflet || issued under the auspices of the Board of Agriculture 

 and Fisheries, an account is given of scab diseases of potato, more 

 especially of the one caused by Oospora. This fungus attacks the tubers 

 while young, forming scattered rough scabs or patches on the surface. 

 The injury is confined to the surface of the tuber. Various remedies for 

 scab are suggested. 



R. Lambert If describes cases of disease due to Glceosporium, He 

 found this fungus forming dark spots on bananas. The species 

 differed from G. musarum, previously recorded. He also describes a 

 disease of ivy caused by Phyllosticta hedericola and Gloeosporium para- 

 doxum. 



C.Leslie Coleman** describes a disease of areca nuts called "koleroga," 

 which is caused by a Phytophthora similar to the species P. omnivora ; 

 and the view that it is a form of the species was strengthened by a success- 

 ful series of inoculation cultures on a large series of plants. He does 

 not think it is the same Phytophthora as the one found on cacao plants. 



Insects as Fungus-carriers.ff — L. Mercifer considers that insects are 

 active agents in the dissemination of ergot spores, and cites the case of 



* Agric. Gaz. N.S. Wales, xxi. (1910) p. 194. See also Bot. Centralbl., xxix. 

 (1911) p. 101. 



t Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxviii. (1910) pp. 377-80 (1 pi.). 



\ Journ. Coll. Agric. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, ii. 4 (1910) pp. 237-76 (2 pis.). See 

 also Bot. Centralbl., cxvi. (1911) p. 170-1. 



§ Ann. Mycol., ix. (1911) pp. 36-8 (1 pi.). 



|| Leaflet No. 137, 4 pp. (4 figs.) 



1 Gartenflora, lix. (1910) p. 409. See also Centralbl. Bakt., xxix. (1911) p. 248. 

 ** Dep. Agric. Mysore State, Mycol. Ser., Bull. ii. (1910). See also Centralbl. 

 Bakt., xxix. (1911) pp. 248-9. 



tt C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxx. (1911), pp. 300-2 



