ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 519 



peculiarly rich in endemic species. Herre records 64 genera, one Zahl- 

 brucknera new to science (Ephebaceie), and many new species. 



Desert Lichens.* — A. W. C. T. Herre has made a list of the lichens 

 from Reno, a desert locality at the eastern foot of the Sierra Nevada 

 mountains. The average rainfall is about 8 in., which falls largely as 

 snow during the winter months. He notes the small number of genera 

 and species with the large number of individuals. In all he collected 

 59 different species in the locality. Few of them could be called foliose, 

 as they closely hug the rocks. Certain species have a well-developed 

 thallus, but are always sterile. Herre considers that these lichens derive 

 their moisture entirely from the atmosphere, but that they thrive best in 

 winter, and barely keep alive during the summer month's. 



American Lichen Notes. — Lincoln W. Riddle f reports the re- 

 discovery of Parmelia lophyrea, originally collected by Archibald Menzies 

 on the Vancouver Expedition to the Pacific and determined by Acharius. 

 It has recently been collected again on Point Peterson (Washington). 

 L. W. Riddle remarks that " the restricted distribution, with the small 

 size and inconspicuousness of the species, undoubtedly accounts for its 

 having been overlooked for a century." 



G. K. Merril $ publishes notes on various species and one new, 

 Leptogium pilosellum, from the State of Washington. He suggests that 

 Lecanora frustulosa may be a form of Leptogium argopholis ; he estab- 

 lishes Parmelia cetrata Ach. for North America ; the plant has been con- 

 fused by Nylander and others with P. perforata. Lecanora subtartarea 

 is recorded for the first time in America (eastern States). 



Crocynia, a Genus of Lichens. § — Abbe Hue has revised this genus, 

 of which there is only one European species, Crocynia Ian uginosa, named 

 by Nylander Leproloma lanuginosa, a sterile species placed in Crocynia on 

 anatomical grounds. The gonidia of the genus may be chroolepoid 

 or protococcoid, and may be scattered through the thallus or form a 

 definite layer. Among the species revised and included in the genus is 

 Chrysothrix nolitangere Mont., a curious lichen that grows among cactus 

 spines in Peru. It was placed by Nylander in Arthonia. 



Systematic Position of Stereocaulon.|| — This genus has commonly 

 been associated with Cladonia, but Birger Kajanus points out the dif- 

 ference in origin between the podetia of the two genera ; those of 

 Stereocaulon being developed by the direct elongation of basal warts, 

 while in Cladonia they rise from a group of hypha3 of the primary thallus, 

 and are true podetia or stalks of apothecia ; those of Stereocaulon might 

 be named pseudopodetia, as was suggested by Wainio. Kajanus is of 

 opinion that the allies of Stereocaulon are to be found in Toninia, and to 



* Bot. Gaz., li. (1911) pp. 286-97. 

 t Bryologist, xiv. (1911) p. 35. 

 X Tom. cit., pp. 36-8. 



§ Mem. Soc. Nat. Sci. Nat. Math. Cherbourg, xxxvii. (1909) 32 pp. (3 figs.). 

 See also Bull. Soc. Bot. France, ix. (1909) pp. 641-2. 

 || Bot. Not., ii. (1911) pp. 83-90. 



